Analysis of Qabalan, Water Network , Design of Wastewater بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم An-Najah National University Engineering College Civil Engineering Department Analysis of Qabalan, Water Network , Design of Wastewater Collection and Treatment System Prepared By:Shatilla Snober Mariam Shqair Hadil Muhsen Supervised By:Dr. Abdel Fattah R. Hasan

Project Need: Analysis of existing water network and design new one to solve water problems using EPANET software. Design wastewater collection system by using Excel sheet. Design wastewater treatment plant to use the treated water in agricultural aspects according to design criteria.

Study Area: Qabalan is a town about 19 km south east of Nablus , and 40 km north of Jerusalem. The age of this town doesn’t exceed 500 years, with 8000 capita. It is about 1937 ft above sea level.

Qabalan City Center

Data Collected: Areal and contour maps from Qabalan municipality. Existing water network map. Population and growth rate.

Analysis of Existing Water Network: The existing network was inserted to EPANET. The network consisting of : Nodes: -Elevations from AutoCAD -Demand= #of houses around each node*5*85 Links:( Diameters, Roughness, Lengths) For the simulation , run is done and the results are shown in the figures below.

Percentage vs. pressure figure

Percentage vs. velocity figure

Future Design: Demand was multiplied by a factor of 1.47(consumption 125 l/c-d) We try to solve the existing problems by adding pumps and valves. The town was divided into two zones. A balancing tank and a pressure sustaining valve were inserted to the network. Changes were made to some diameters. Run was made for the simulation.

Results For New Design Percentage vs. pressure figure

Percentage vs. velocity figure

Design of Wastewater Network

Objectives: To design a wastewater network collection system for Qabalan town. There is no wastewater collection system in the village, so people get red of the wastewater by using cesspits. This way of disposal is not good because: Bad smell especially during pumping. Economical problems since it cost them (pumping process). Its location near the collection wells.

Layout of The System: The lay out of the system is made by drawing the manhole along the streets take into consideration that the flow is by gravity. We use Excel Program to design wastewater collection system.

The Profiles: AutoCAD is used to draw profiles .we take the longest line in the wastewater net work and we insert the natural contour line then the elevation of each manhole .Taking in consideration that the invert out less than the invert in by 10 cm.

Bill of Quantities: The last step in this part of the project was the determination of the cost for the collection system construction for Qabalan town .

Results and Recommendation: Qabalan town is in serious need for asanitary sewer. Sanitary system for the town is designed so we recommend to apply it. In this system the growth of people, water demand ,and the land use were taken into consideration.

Wastewater Treatment Plant

Project Need: The objective of sewage treatment is to produce a disposable effluent without causing harm to the surrounding environment, and also prevent pollution. Sewage treatment, is the process of removing contaminants from wastewater. It includes physical, chemical, and biological processes to remove physical, chemical and biological contaminants. Its objective is to produce an environmentally-safe fluid waste stream (or treated effluent) and a solid waste suitable for disposal or reuse (usually as farm fertilizer). In this project a wastewater treatment plant will be designed to guarantee the purpose of sewage treatment for Qabalan town and near by village Yatma that connected with each other by gravity to the proposed site.  

Proposed Site: Wastewater Treatment Plant must locate in the lowest area on the place where it must be constructed. The site is centrally located around the western part of the town and is close to the distribution network. The site is also centrally located in the low zone areas. The treatment plant  would be designed to pump water to the around areas for irrigation use. The site is away from residential parcels& therefore considered a desirable site. The area that will be used for the project is approximately five donums. Design Period: This project is designed for 50 yr, through 3 phases each 15 ys .

Important Data: According to the German specification the per capita of BOD production=50 g/c. d Suspended Solids(SS)=60 g/c. d Per capita of WW production=85 *0.9=78.5 l/c. d BOD in (mg/l)=(50 g/ c. d*1000mg/g)/76.5 l/ c.d=650 mg/l BOD.  

Wastewater Treatment Process: Preliminary Treatment: As wastewater enters a treatment facility, it typically flows through a step called preliminary treatment. A screen removes large floating down stream processes. The screens vary from coarse to fine. The resulting dimensions of screen was: Area=0.056 m2 ,,, width=0.364m ,,,, height=1.00m . Then the flow enters a grit chamber to remove grit and similar particles. Grit chamber dimensions:(( Two grit chambers units will be in the process )) Time=4 min ,,, V=13.68 m3 ,,, each grit chamber dimension= ((3*4.5*1))

2.Primary Treatment: By designing a circular primary sedimentation tank BOD and SS values are minimized. Clarifier Dimension: D=11.00m ,,, H=3.5 m ,,, weir length= 28.5 m 3.Biological Treatment : two stages of trickling filters are designed as biological treatment. *First stage calculation: V=1654.5 m3 ,,,, A=282 m2 ,,,, Depth=6.00m ,,, Diameter=19.00m *second stage calculation: V=1043 m3 ,,, A=282 m2 ,,,, Depth=4.00m ,,,, Diameter=19.00 m.  

Proposed design:

Efficiency: BOD influent=650 mg/l BOD effluent =44.5 mg/l Total efficiency=650-44.5/650 *100% =93% Total efficiency is perfect. Sludge Reuse: According to the existing situation , the treated water will be used in irrigation because the hole area around the proposed site is planted and has crops. The sludge will be used as fertilizers to the mentioned areas.

Layout:

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