Emergence of Mao Zedong

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Chapter Fourteen Revolution and Nationalism
Advertisements

Mao Zedong and the Origins of Communism in China: Lots o’ fun stuff like wars and massacres.
From 1945 both the CCP and the GMD tried to take control of as much territory as possible. The GMD occupied most of southern China. However the CCP took.
AP World History Unit 5.  A dynastic system for two thousand years. ◦ Hierarchical system.  Virtually becomes a colony in ◦ Isolation. ◦ Britain.
China Warlords Nationalists & Communists Japanese Invasion Civil War and Communism 8.
Imperial China Collapses March 1, Background Early 1900 – Chinese humiliated by foreigners –The majority of Chinese believed modernization and nationalism.
The Chinese Revolution. Essential Question  How did the Communist Party of China take power?
Emergent Nationalism in Asia The Rise of Chinese Communism.
The Chinese Revolution MWH C. Corning. China in 1900  1900 China was ruled by the Qing Dynasty – originally from Manchuria (north of China).  1900 Chinese.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Upheavals in China.
Imperial china collapses
Write on the board any questions you may still have from the material we covered last class on the Search for Stability We will answer them before we begin.
Kuomintang Founded in 1912 by Sun Yet- sen after the Republican Revolution of 1911 Tolerant of communism Influenced by President Abraham Lincoln and Confucius.
CHINESE Revolutionary PIES. The Chinese Revolution Overview 
China and the Revolution. The End of Chinese Imperial Rule Reasons –foreign influence during Age of Imperialism China abused by Western nations –China.
The Warlord Problem Sun Yixian, the president, abdicates in favor of Yuan Shikai, a powerful general Tried to set up a new Dynasty Military did.
L13: Why Maoism Took Hold in China Agenda Objective: To understand… 1.How China became communist. 2.Competing perspectives on why Maoism took hold in China.
15.4 Notes: Upheavals in China
30.3 Imperial China Collapses
The Chinese Revolution MWH C. Corning. China in 1900  1900 China was ruled by the Qing Dynasty – originally from Manchuria (north of China).  1900 Chinese.
A Really, Really, Really Brief History of 20 th Century China Background Information for the novel Forbidden City.
Nationalism. China Political Parties in China 1920s: Central authority in China ceases 1920s: Central authority in China ceases Nationalist Party: Headed.
The Republic of China : Republican Revolution overthrew Qing Dynasty. 1912: Yuan Shikai became president and later dictator :
The Interwar Years: Revolution and Nationalism Part 3.
THE OVERTHROW OF THE MANCHU DYNASTY  By the beginning of the 20th century China was in a desperate condition, there was the feeling that the dynasty should.
Foreign imperialism increased nationalism Nationalist political parties pushed for modernization and change in China Kuomintang, Chinese Nationalist.
Chapter 14 Section 3. Imperial China Collapses Chapter 14 Section 3 Nationalists Overthrow Qing Dynasty 1911: Revolutionary Alliance Nationalist: someone.
Chapter 14 – Revolution and Nationalism (1900 – 1939) Section 3 – Imperial China Collapses Main Idea: After the fall of the Qing dynasty, nationalist.
Overthrow of Manchu Dynasty ( )
TOPIC 3 Rise and Rule of Authoritarian ja Single-Party-states
Twentieth Century. China PART 1: Republican China
The Chinese Republic Mr. Curcio/Mrs. Jarvis.
The Collapse of Imperial China: Sun Yixian (Yatsen), Mao Zedong, & Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai-shek) [Yes, I know what your thinking, “What’s up with all.
Collapse of Chinese Imperial Rule
Do Now: Which quote do you agree with & why?
Section 4 Upheavals in China.
II. Communist Revolution in China
Chinese Communist Revolution Timeline
Chinese Revolution of 1911 & The Rise of Mao Zedong
Do Now: Reading on Modern Korean War.
Ch. 26 (pp. 764 – 766), Ch. 28 (pp. 812 – 814), Ch. 29 (pp. 841 – 851)
Upheavals in China.
The Republic of China
The Emergence of Modern China
East Asia, 1931–1945.
30.3 Imperial China Collapses
Imperial China Collapses
China and the world since the “movement of 4th May” 1919
Background on China & Life Under Mao
Revolution in China Learning Goal 2: Describe the factors that led to the spread of communism in China and describe how communism in China differed from.
Revolution in China Learning Goal 2: Describe the factors that led to the spread of communism in China and describe how communism in China differed from.
Communists Take Power in China
The Republic of China and Imperialist Japan
CHINESE COMMUNIST REVOLUTION TIMELINE
Collapse of Chinese Imperial Rule
The Chinese Monarchy, Republic or Communist Government ?
Imperial China Collapses
Revolutions in India & China
Rebellion in China.
#4 - AIM: What is China’s new direction? 30.3
Obj. What events led to the Chinese civil War?
By 1911, the Chinese emperor had lost his political power.
Upheavals in China.
Upheavals in China.
Aim: What were the causes and effects of the 1920s Chinese Revolution?
World History Sec 3 China Under Mao
Thinking About China…                            .
Imperial China Collapses
Upheavals in China.
30.3 Imperial China Collapses
Presentation transcript:

Emergence of Mao Zedong

Mao’s Early Life His father was a farmer and was fairly well off Mao was expelled from or asked to leave from at least three schools for being disobedient He was widowed at 16 After being widowed, Mao went to a teacher college in 1911 It was there that Mao got caught up on the readings of Marx After college, Mao worked as a part-time history teacher in a primary school

China As Mao Was Growing Up: Problems With the Manchu Dynasty The emperors were not strong leaders, which trickled down to other government officials, who were incompetent Heavy taxes were put on the people Large disparity between the rich and poor Widespread poverty Gov’t officials accepted money and gifts for political appointments Foreign countries had spheres of influence where they dominated

Manchu Dynasty Begins To Fall Puyi, a 3 year old boy was the last emperor A small group of revolutionary soldiers in Wuchang in central China started the rebellion in October 1911 The central government had become so weak that province after province declared its independence from the central government A military general named Yuan Shikai ruled from 1912-1916

Mao Becomes Communist There were a number of foreign spheres of influence in Changsha, Mao’s home province Radical students, including Mao, wanted to oust the provincial warlord who collaborated with the foreigners and went to Peking to unsuccessfully lobby the government The Imperial Palace was called the Forbidden City b/c it was so large & no one could enter w/o the emperor’s permission

Becoming Communist A young Zedong On his way back, he encountered communists who were forming a Chinese Communist Party (CCP) In 1920, Mao was given the assignment of opening a bookshop in Changsha to sell Party literature In 1921, Mao became provincial Party leader Mao did not inspire a passionate following through his oratory, or ideological appeal He simply sought willing recruits among his immediate circle; people who would take orders

Sun Yat-sen Forms the Nationalist Party (Kuomintang) After struggling for power with a Shikai, Sun Yat-sen becomes president in 1916 His main goal is to get rid of the foreign influences in China and unite the country (many provinces were run by warlords) Sun Yat-sen

Chinese Communist Party (CCP) Gains Power The Comintern (Soviets) urges the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) to join the Nationalists The Soviets wanted to help the Nationalists get rid of the spheres of influence in China (since they were dominated by Western nations) The Nationalists accepted the CCP because they hoped it would help strengthen their party Chiang Kai-shek

Mao Gains Influence in the CCP Since most Communists hated the Nationalists and didn’t want to work with them, Mao saw opportunity Mao worked hard for the Nationalists and rose in power in the Communist party In 1925, Sun Yat-sen died. Chiang Kai-Shek now led the Nationalists Mao Zedong

Split of the Nationalists and CCP In April 1927, the Peking authorities raided Russian premises and seized documents that revealed Moscow trying to overthrow the Peking government and there were Soviet links with the Chinese communists The Nationalists needed to take action to dissociate themselves with the Russians and CCP or else they could be seen as part of the conspiracy to turn China into a Soviet satellite Chiang Kai-shek organized massacres of members of the CCP

CCP Flees From the Nationalists Mao fled to the countryside (Jiangxi), where he established independent soviets and the Red Army From 1930-1936, Chiang Kai-shek led military campaigns against the Communists, while the communists defended themselves with guerilla tactics Chiang Kai-shek

CCP Flees From the Nationalists: Long March Red Army retreated using twisting, unpredictable patterns Split into smaller units that were harder to find Out of 87,000 men, less than 10,000 survived the 9,000 km march In December 1936: The communists settled in Yan’an in Shanxi A truce occurred to help protect the country against the Japanese

Shanxi Jiangxi The Communists fled from Jiangxi to a city called Yenan in the province of Shanxi

Mukden Incident In September 1931, the Japanese army plotted to seize Manchuria by force Manchuria was land that was rich in mineral and coal reserves as well as good for planting barley and soy During the night of the 18th and 19th, the Japanese blew up the tracks of the South Manchurian Railway just outside Mukden. The Japanese blamed it on the Chinese and so they attacked the Chinese and occupied Mukden

Chinese Resistance Chiang Kai-shek’s government was too weak to oppose the Japanese army by force (they were also fighting the civil war against the CCP) Resistance against Japan would be hopeless unless China could first be effectively united, and this became Chiang Kai-shek’s first priority He concluded a truce with the Japanese in May 1933

Marco Polo Bridge Incident In July 1937, a clash of local Chinese and Japanese troops on the Marco Polo Bridge outside Peking became the Japanese excuse for launching a full-scale war on China that lasted until 1945

Sino-Japanese War and the CCP Build-Up From 1937-1945, the communists: Expanded their military forces from 500,000 to 1 million Established political control over as many as 90 million people Were given weapons by the U.S. to help fight the Japanese Nonetheless, the Nationalists did most of the fighting

Relationship Between Leadership and the Masses Mao developed a program of contact with the masses that became known as the “mass line”. The process includes: Investigating the conditions of people Learning about and participating in their struggles Gathering ideas from them Creating a plan of action based on these ideas and concerns It was a powerful tool of propaganda. By 1945, the communists had reached 100 million people and the mass line was carried to the people by 1 million members

Chiang and the Nationalists Chiang and the Nationalists were set back by: Corruption Brutality Incompetence Inefficiency Hyperinflation Sino-Japanese War Arms that the U.S. gave to the Nationalists, but the Red Army captured them People lost confidence and longed for an end to famine, death, and civil war

Nationalist shooting Communists – the signs accuse them of crimes