Bonding

What are compounds? 2 or more elements chemically bonded together Compounds have different properties than the elements that make them up

What Are Molecules? The smallest unit of a substance that exhibits all it’s properties

Chemical structures Shows how a compound’s atoms are connected Ball & Stick Space filling

Types of Bonds

Ionic Bonds Electrons are transferred (not shared) This is how we get IONS! IONS are atoms with a charge, either + or - The positive & negative ions are attracted to one another creating the ionic bond ELECTROSTATIC ATTRACTION Happens between a metal & a non-metal (on opposite sides of the periodic table)

Ionic Bond Structure The positive & negative ions form a repeating pattern that is held together by electrostatic attraction This leads to the formation of CRYSTALS

Metallic Bonds Bonds between metal atoms Atoms are closely packed Outer orbitals overlap This allows electrons to move freely Allows them to conduct electricity & be shaped

Covalent Bonds Form when molecules SHARE electrons This allows both to have full orbitals, or 8 valence electrons Usually between NON-METALS

Most large biological molecules have covalent bonds!

Multiple Covalent Bonds

Showing Covalent Bonds Find the symbols Figure out the Lewis Dot structure Look for where bonds might form Draw a line to show shared electrons

Sharing Multiple Electrons If there is a double bond you draw 2 lines If there is a triple (3) bonds you draw 3 lines