(7th) Chapter 8-1 Cornell Notes The Rock Cycle
Chapter 8-1 Key Questions What is uniformitarianism? What is the rock cycle?
Chapter 8-1 Key Terms geology- erosion- uniformitarianism- igneous rock- sedimentary rock- metamorphic rock- rock cycle- magma- lava-
Chapter 8-1 Paragraph 1 geology: study of the structure and forces that make/shape Earth; James Hutton studied erosion; erosion: breaking down due to wind/water.
Chapter 8-1 Paragraph 2 Hutton’ principle called uniformitarianism; it states that geological forces of the past same as today; therefore Earth must be much older.
Chapter 8-1 Paragraph 3 3 types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic; igneous: forms when molten material from below cools/hardens; sedimentary: sediments deposited then pressed together; metamorphic: existing rock changed by heat/pressure or chemical forces.
Chapter 8-1 Paragraph 4 rock cycle: series of processes on and below that change rocks from one type to another; slow process, millions of years.
Chapter 8-1 Paragraph 5 magma one pathway through rock cycle; magma: molten material beneath surface; pathway may form volcano; magma can harden into igneous rock; lava: molten material above surface.
Chapter 8-1 Paragraph 6 erosion wears away igneous rock into sedimentary rock; sedimentary rock then deposited as sediment ; heat and pressure turns it into metamorphic rock.
Chapter 8-1 Paragraph 7 rock cycle constantly recycles; forces push rock types underneath surface; extreme heat/pressure begins cycle again.