Titration calculations

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Presentation transcript:

Titration calculations

Learning intentions You will be able to remember the steps involved in doing a titration identify the useful facts in the questions be able to calculate an unknown concentration

Determining the pH and concentration of an acid or alkali

Describe in your own words how you could use this apparatus to determine the concentration of an unknown acid or alkali. Could you label the diagram?

Model Answer Measure unknown concentration solution into conical flask with pipette Pour known solution into burette Note initial reading Use an indicator such as phenolphthalein to tell end point Note final reading or amount used

Exam question

Calculations Reminder – turning mass into moles DIVIDE BY THE Mr Test yourself: How many moles are in 73g hydrochloric acid? (Relative atomic masses: H 1; Cl 35.5)

Did you get? 2 Moles

Concentration Concentration is measured in mols per litre or moldm-3 What is the concentration in moles of 73gdm-3 2 moldm-3

gdm-3 converting moldm-3 For sulfuric acid, H2SO4, convert 49gdm-3 into molsdm-3 (Relative atomic masses: H 1; S 32; O 16) Did you get: 0.5 moldm-3

An equation to learn Concentration = Moles / Volume Can you rearrange for moles? Can you rearrange for volume?

Calculating unknown concentration 1) Find the moles that have reacted (of the known substance) Use: concentration x Volume = Moles 2) Find the mole that have reacted (of the unknown substance) Use a ratio Moles acid = Moles alkali . number of ‘OH’ ions in alkali number of H ions in acid 3) Calculate concentration Use concentration = moles/volume Getting information out of a question… Draw yourself a little grid.

Calculating unknown concentration Getting information out of a question… Draw yourself a little grid. Concentration (molsdm-3) Volume (dm-3) Moles Number of H/OH ions Acid Alkali

Can you fill in your little grid from this information?

Calculating unknown concentration Getting information out of a question… Draw yourself a little grid. Concentration (molsdm-3) Volume (dm-3) Moles Number of H/OH ions Acid ? 35/1000 =0.035 1 Alkali 0.40 25/1000 =0.025

Learning intentions You will be able to remember the steps involved in doing a titration identify the useful facts in the questions be able to calculate an unknown concentration