Alexandra Teste, G. K. Parks, M. Wilber, N. Lin

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Wave-particle interactions in the magnetosheath/magnetosphere boundary layers Alexandra Teste, G. K. Parks, M. Wilber, N. Lin SSL, University of California, Berkeley 17th Cluster Workshop Uppsala Universitet, Sweden 2nd Waves session Thursday, May 14, 2009 Acknowledgement to D. Fontaine for providing access to the electron data and to Y. Voitenko for discussing the wave data

Magnetospheric event within the magnetosheath: May 2, 2003 Xgse (Re) 20 10 0 -10 -20 Zgse (Re) 10 20 30 -10 -20 -30 01:30 01:32 01:34 01:36 01:38 01:40 01:42 Energy (eV) 102 103 104 101 ions e- (anti-//) Bx By Bz |B| Ex Ey Ez Efield (mV/m) -5 5 10 Bfield (nT) 40 -40 ergs/(cm².s.sr.eV) Cluster 3 at ~ (6.6, -5.8, 11.1)gse Re southward turning of IMF BL = Msheath population accelerated ~ 300 eV & heated ~ 900 eV A. Teste 17th Cluster Workshop May 14, 2009

Internal structure and characteristics of the boundary layer (BL) Energy (eV) ergs/(m².s.sr.eV) e- (anti-//) BL  direction diffusion across inner & outer BL Msheath Msphere outer inner // & anti// directions diffusion across inner BL only Msheath Msphere outer inner -10 -5 0 5 10 Velocity (1.e4 km/s) f (s3/m6) 10-18 10-14 10-22 iso. diff. msph. e- Our study: characterization of these 2 regions from particle and wave points of view -10 -5 0 5 10 Velocity (1.e4 km/s)  diff. msph. e- 10-14 10-18 10-22 f (s3/m6) Robert et al., 2005; Fear et al., 2005 & Owen et al., 2008: FA ct-streaming BL pop. & inner/outer BL //, anti//  Msheath Msphere A. Teste 17th Cluster Workshop May 14, 2009

Waves in the magnetospheric domain Energy (eV) e- (//) e- (anti-//) e- () ergs/(m².s.sr.eV) Pitch angle (°) cnts/sec 101 102 103 104 100 10 1000 Mag. Frequency (Hz) V²/(m².Hz) nT²/Hz High E: 1500-9000 eV Elec. 01:30 01:32 01:34 01:36 01:38 01:40 01:42 Magnetospheric e- with peaks at intermediate angles  conic-like distributions 01:30 01:32 01:34 01:36 01:38 01:40 01:42 Typical ES waves (Anderson et al., 1982): - Upper hybrid waves: f~fuH~6.6 kHz: conic-like e- - ES e- cyclotron waves (f~fce ~1.1 kHz), 1st harmo. f ~2.2 kHz, Bernstein (n=2-5): 2 tenuous loss cones A. Teste 17th Cluster Workshop May 14, 2009

Waves in the magnetospheric domain Energy (eV) e- (//) e- (anti-//) e- () ergs/(m².s.sr.eV) 101 102 103 104 100 10 1000 Mag. Frequency (Hz) V²/(m².Hz) nT²/Hz High E: 1500-9000 eV Elec. 01:30 01:32 01:34 01:36 01:38 01:40 01:42 Typical EM waves (Anderson et al., 1982): - EM e- cyclotron (EMEC) waves: f~400 Hz<fce, right-handed, (k,B)~10°-30°:  conic-like e- with broadband ES spikes A. Teste 17th Cluster Workshop May 14, 2009

Waves in the boundary layer Energy (eV) e- () ergs/(m².s.sr.eV) e- (anti-//) 100 10 1000 Mag. Freq. (Hz) nT²/Hz V²/(m².Hz) 101 102 103 Frequency (Hz) 104 Elec.  ~ 710 Hz ce ~ 1.4 kHz EMEC waves (outer BL) (k,B) ~10°- 30° with N = 0 and v  3.2 keV = diffused Mspheric e- -0.2 T/T// -1 0.0 0.4 0.8 B (nT²/Hz) 10-11 10-9 10-7 10-5 at ~ 700 Hz 1.2 < Ee- < 15 keV 01:30 01:32 01:34 01:36 01:38 01:40 01:42 01:30 01:32 01:34 01:36 01:38 01:40 01:42 EMEC waves: f < fce, RH polarized, // to B Outer BL: anisotropic diffusion of Mspheric pop.  EMEC waves A. Teste 17th Cluster Workshop May 14, 2009

SUMMARY SKETCH BL  direction Msphere Msheath // & anti// directions Energy (eV) e- (anti-//) e- () ergs/(m².s.sr.eV) BL  direction diffusion across inner & outer BL Msheath Msphere outer inner -10 -5 0 5 10 Velocity (1.e4 km/s) 10-14 10-18 10-22 f (s3/m6) -10 -5 0 5 10 Velocity (1.e4 km/s)  diff. msph. e- 10-14 10-18 10-22 f (s3/m6) -10 -5 0 5 10 Velocity (1.e4 km/s) f (s3/m6) iso. diff. msph. e- -10 -5 0 5 10 Velocity (1.e4 km/s) 10-14 10-18 10-22 f (s3/m6) //, anti//  Msheath Msphere EM e- cycl. waves // & anti// directions diffusion across inner BL only Msheath Msphere outer inner A. Teste 17th Cluster Workshop May 14, 2009

Conclusion: Questions: The boundary layer is composed of: outer BL: - Msheath plasma: FA, counter-streaming and only accelerated - anisotropic diffusion of Mspheric plasma  distribution unstable to EMEC waves inner BL: - Msheath plasma: FA, counter-streaming, accelerated & heated and denser than outer BL - isotropic diffusion of Mspheric plasma - weak wave activity if any Questions: what is the heating process of low E e- in inner BL & why isn’t at work in the outer BL too? why is diffusion anisotropic in the outer BL? why do the spikes gather together when EM e- cyclotron waves are observed? …