מונחים בסיסיים באנטומיה

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Presentation transcript:

מונחים בסיסיים באנטומיה Proximal - קרוב יותר למקור Distal - רחוק יותר ממקור האיבר. Deep/Profound - עמוק Superficial - שטחי Internal\External - פנימי/חיצוני איפסילאטראלי - באותו צד של הגוף קונטרלטראלי - בצד ההפוך של הגוף.

חתכים באנטומיה למיקום מדויק עוזרים החתכים האנטומיים (כולם מתארים אדם העומד בעמידה אנטומית): חתך Median – (מדיאני/אמצעי)- קו דמיוני אנכי שעובר לאורך כל הגוף באמצעו. חתך Sagittal (סגיטלי) - חתך מקביל לחתך האמצעי. חתך Coronal/Frontal (חתך פרונטלי/קורונלי) כמו של כף הרגל במקביל לחתך האמצעי. חתך Axial\Transverse מאוזן/אקסיאלי - חתך מקביל לקרקע.

Prefixes and suffixes used in forming medical terms PREFIX REFERRING TO: PREFIX REFERRING TO: a-, an - without, absence of cyst - sac filled with fluid ab - away from derm - the skin acr -, ac - sharp, point di - two ad - towards ecto - outside, external af - towards center endo - within alba - plane or white epi - above angio - vessel containing fluid eryth - red ante - before, infront of fasc - a sheet arterio - an artery foss - depressed area in bone arthro - a joint gangl - a swelling blast - growing gastr - the stomach brachi - the arm gloss - tongue bucc - the cheek haem-, hem - the blood burs - a sac, pouch with fluid hemi - half capit - head hepat - the liver card - the heart infra - beneath

Prefixes and suffixes used in forming medical terms caud - tail inter - between cephal - the head intra - inside cerebro - brain leuc - white condyle - knob of bone macro - large, great chondro - cartilage meat - a canal, passage coel - hollow cavity meso - middle corp - the body meta - after, beyond cyan - blue melan - black cyto - the cell menin - a membrane musc - a muscle myo - muscle nephr - the kdney opth - the eye os, osteo - bone ot - the ear para - near, beside peri - near, around

Prefixes and suffixes used in forming medical terms phag - to eat phleb - a vein pleur - membrane of lung pneu - air, lung post - after, behind pre - before in time pter - a wing reticulo - a network sept - a partition serrate - saw-edge sinu - a hollow soma - body spin - a sharp process steno - narrow sub - beneath sulc - a groove tuber - a swelling visc - the internal organs

Prefixes and suffixes used in forming medical terms Suffix: Referring to: - ectasis expansion, dilatation - ion process - itis inflammation - morph form - crest prominent ridge - facet a shallow articulation surface - foramen opening in bone - plexus network of interlaced nerves or vessels

מונחי תנועה באנטומיה Flexion - יצירת זוית כיפוף במפרק. Extension - יצירת פשיטה במפרק. Dorsiflexion - פשיטת כף הרגל עד עמידת עקבים. Plantarflexed - כיפוף כף הרגל עד לעמידה על קצות האצבעות. Abduction - הרחקת הגף מהמישור המדיאלי (האורכי) Adduction - קירוב הגף למישור האנכי Rotation - סיבוב סביב ציר האורך של האיבר. Lateral rotation - סיבוב צירי החוצה. Medial rotation - סיבוב צירי פנימה. Circumduction - תנועה המשלבת את כל התנועות שלמעלה, סיבוב והרחקה של גף.

מונחי תנועות מיוחדות באנטומיה Eversion - הרמת צד של כף הרגל. Inversion - הרמת כף הרגל בניצב לאדמה ובמקביל לחתך המרכזי של הגוף. Supination - סיבוב צירי של האמה וכף היד, כשכף היד פונה קדימה. Pronation - סיבוב צירי של האמה וכף היד, כשכף היד פונה אחורה. Elevation - הרמת העצם ישירות כלפי מעלה. Depression - הורדת של העצם ישירות מטה. Protrusion - תנועה החוצה, כמו הוצאת הלסת. Retrusion - תנועה פנימה, כמו הכנסת הלסת.