Thomas Spratt and Brandon Kam Standard 2 Objective 3 Thomas Spratt and Brandon Kam

Terms Associated With location of common sports injuries Superior / Inferior Anterior / Posterior Medial / Lateral Distal / Proximal Superficial / Deep Ventral / Dorsal Prone / Supine Unilateral / Bilateral

Superior – Above the waist Inferior – Below the Waist Definitions Superior – Above the waist Inferior – Below the Waist Anterior – Front Side of your body Posterior – Back side of your body Medial - The Middle of your body Lateral – The outer part of the body

Definitions Distal – Away from the middle of the body or point of attachment Proximal – Closer to the center of the body to the point of attachment Superficial – On the skin or just beneath it Deep – Away from the surface and deep beneath the skin Ventral – On the abdomen Dorsal – On the back Prone – When the body is laying face down

Definitions Supine – Body Laying Face up Unilateral – One side of the body Bilateral - Right and Left sides of the body

Movements of the body Flexion / Extension / Hyperextension Adduction / Abduction Pronation / Supination Retraction / Protraction Elevation / Depression Rotation / Circumduction External Rotation / Internal Rotation Later Flexion

Definitions Flexion – The bending of a limb or joint Extension – Straightening of a limb or joint Hyper Extension – Over extension of a limb or joint Adduction – Movement towards body’s midline Abduction – Movement away from the body’s midline Pronation – Rotation of the arm or leg inward Supination – Rotation of the arm or leg outward

Definitions Retraction – Movement in the posterior direction Protraction – Movement in the anterior direction Elevation – Upward movement of the body Depression – Downward movement of the body Rotation – Movement in which a something pivots or revolves around a single axis Circumduction - movement of a limb or extremity so that the distal end describes a circle while the proximal end remains fixed

Definitions External Rotation - rotation away from the center of the body. Internal Rotation - rotation towards the axis of the body. Lateral Flexion - bending the torso sideways Inversion - To turn inward Dorsiflexion - decreases the angle between the dorsum of the foot and the leg

Plantarflexion - movement which decreases the angle between the sole of the foot and the back of the leg. Pronation - rotation of the medial bones in the midtarsal region of the foot inward and downward so that in walking the foot tends to come down on its inner margin. Supination - a corresponding movement of the foot and leg in which the foot rolls outward with an elevated arch Radial Deviation - the movement of bending the wrist to the thumb, or radial bone, side Ulnar Deviation - the movement of bending the wrist to the little finger, or ulnar bone, side Opposition - thumb swings so that it comes “face to face” with one or another of the fingers, as in grasping a needle or a ball