Period 1 - 1491 to 1607 AP U.S. History Warm-UP Period 1 - 1491 to 1607 AP U.S. History

Stimulus Based Questions APUSH Exam 55 Stimulus Based Questions 55 Minutes 40% of the APUSH Exam Students analyze historical texts, interpretations, and evidence. Primary and secondary sources, images, graphs, and maps are included.

The process illustrated in the map above a. triggered extensive demographic and social change. b. ended American Indian resistance. c. changed American Indian beliefs on the environment. d. led to the development of a hunter–gatherer economy.

a. racially mix populations. b. trigger extensive demographic change. “For I knew that they were a people who could be more easily freed and converted to our holy faith by love than by force, gave to some of them red caps, and glass beads to put round their necks, and many other things of little value, which gave them great pleasure, and made them so much our friends.…It appeared to me to be a race of people very poor in everything.…They have no iron, their darts being wands without iron, some of them having a fish’s tooth at the end….They should be good servants and intelligent, for I observed that they quickly took in what was said to them, and I believe that they would easily be made Christians as it appeared to me that they had no religion.” Christopher Columbus upon reaching the West Indies, 1492 After Columbus’s arrival in the West Indies, Spanish religion and Christian conversion were often used as a rationale to a. racially mix populations. b. trigger extensive demographic change. c. transform the diverse environment. d. justify the subjugation of American Indians.

Period 1 - 1491 to 1607 AP U.S. History Pre-Contact America Period 1 - 1491 to 1607 AP U.S. History

Think About It Compare and contrast the development of Native civilizations based on regional environments.

Bering Sea Land Bridge Migration Key Concepts 1.1.I.A, 1.1.I.B, 1.1.I.C, 1.1.I.D

Key Concepts 1.1.I.A, 1.1.I.B, 1.1.I.C, 1.1.I.D

Native Culture and Lifestyle Nomadic OR Sedentary Adapted to regional environment Agricultural influence from Olmec/Mayans “Three Sisters” Politics and Economics Tribal councils or Chiefs Communal ownership; no sense of private property Language 20 different language families Algonquian, Siouan, Athabaskan No written language Family and Gender Roles Kinship Mostly matrilineal Women shared in labor except hunting Animism Hunting and horticultural religions Shaman Spirit guide Cahokia, c. 1100 CE Key Concepts 1.1.I.A, 1.1.I.B, 1.1.I.C, 1.1.I.D

Native Lifestyle and Culture Eastern Woodlands/Northeast Geography Rolling hills and dense forests Tribes Wampanoag Iroquois Confederacy Cayugas, Mohawks, Oneidas, Onodagas, Seneca Powhatan Diet Maize, beans, squash Culture Hunter-gatherers Warriors Matrilineal Longhouses Wampum

Native Lifestyle and Culture Eastern Woodlands/ Mississippian/Southeast Geography River systems Tribes Adena-Hopewell, Creek Diet Maize, fish, beans, squash Culture Earthwork pyramid mounds Pottery, copper tools Chiefdoms and trade networks Social hierarchy and priesthood Great Serpent Mount - Ohio Kincaid - Illinois

Native Lifestyle and Culture Great Plains Geography Grasslands and prairies Tribes Sioux, Cheyenne, Apache Diet Buffalo Culture Nomadic Tepees

Native Lifestyle and Culture Southwest Geography Arid, rocky, desert Tribes Anasazi, Pueblo, Hokokam Diet Maize, beans, squash Culture Irrigation systems Cave and cliff dwellings

Native Lifestyle and Culture Pacific Northwest/California/ Great Basin Geography Cedar forests Tribes Pacific Northwest: Chinook California/Great Basin: Nez Perce Diet Pacific Northwest: Fish (salmon) California/Great Basin: Berries, nuts Culture Pacific Northwest Plank homes Totem poles Canoes California/Great Basin Nomadic hunter-gatherers Totem poles – Pacific Northwest