THE EVOLUTION OF A CONCEPT: A BRIEF HISTORY OF CHURCH/STATE SEPARATION J. Edward Joyce President, Delaware Valley Chapter Americans United for Separation of Church & State

EVOLUTION OF A CONCEPT ESCAPE RELIGIOUS PERSECUTION EARLY AMERICAN S FOR RELIGIOUS LIBERTIES FOUNDING FATHERS & 1st AMENDMENT 19th CENTURY PROTESTANTISM & RELIGIOUS TOLERATION MODERN RELIGIOUS LIBERTIES

EVOLUTION OF A CONCEPT ESCAPE RELIGIOUS PERSECUTION EARLY AMERICAN IDEAS FOUNDING FATHERS & 1st AMENDMENT 19th CENTURY RELIGIOUS TOLERATION MODERN RELIGIOUS LIBERTIES

EVOLUTION OF A CONCEPT ESCAPE RELIGIOUS PERSECUTION EARLY AMERICAN IDEAS FOUNDING FATHERS & 1st AMENDMENT 19th CENTURY RELIGIOUS TOLERATION MODERN RELIGIOUS LIBERTIES

EARLY AMERICAN IDEAS FLUSHING REMONSTRANCE (1657) ROGER WILLIAMS & PROVIDENCE, RI WILLIAM PENN & GREAT LAW OF 1682

EVOLUTION OF A CONCEPT ESCAPE RELIGIOUS PERSECUTION EARLY AMERICAN IDEAS FOUNDING FATHERS & 1st AMENDMENT 19th CENTURY RELIGIOUS TOLERATION MODERN RELIGIOUS LIBERTIES

FOUNDING FATHERS & 1ST AMENDMENT JEFFERSON’S RELIGIOUS FREEDOM BILL (1786) MADISON & FIRST AMENDMENT JEFFERSON’S LETTER TO DANBURY BAPTIST MINISTERS (1801)

FIRST AMENDMENT RELIGION CLAUSE “Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof.”

FOUNDING FATHERS & 1ST AMENDMENT JEFFERSON’S RELIGIOUS FREEDOM BILL (1786) MADISON & FIRST AMENDMENT JEFFERSON’S LETTER TO DANBURY BAPTIST MINISTERS (1801)

EVOLUTION OF A CONCEPT ESCAPE RELIGIOUS PERSECUTION EARLY AMERICAN IDEAS FOUNDING FATHERS & 1st AMENDMENT 19th CENTURY RELIGIOUS TOLERATION MODERN RELIGIOUS LIBERTIES

EVOLUTION OF A CONCEPT ESCAPE RELIGIOUS PERSECUTION EARLY AMERICAN IDEAS FOUNDING FATHERS & 1st AMENDMENT 19th CENTURY RELIGIOUS TOLERATION MODERN RELIGIOUS LIBERTIES

MODERN RELIGIOUS LIBERTIES OHIO SUPREME COURT 1869 CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT ABINGTON SCHOOL DISTRICT v. SCHEMPP (1963) LEMON TEST (1971)

OHIO SUPREME COURT 1869 “United with government, religion never rises above the merest superstition; united with religion, government never rises above the merest despotism; and all history shows that the more widely and completely they are separated, the better it is for both.”

MODERN RELIGIOUS LIBERTIES OHIO SUPREME COURT 1869 CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT ABINGTON SCHOOL DISTRICT v. SCHEMPP (1963) LEMON TEST (1971)

MODERN RELIGIOUS LIBERTIES OHIO SUPREME COURT 1869 CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT ABINGTON SCHOOL DISTRICT v. SCHEMPP (1963) LEMON TEST (1971)

LEMON TEST (Lemon v. Kurtzman 1971) LAW HAS NO SECULAR PURPOSE LAW INBHIBITS OR ADVANCES RELIGION LAW FOSTERS EXCESSIVE GOVERNMENT ENTAGLEMENT WITH RELIGION