The Age of Imperialism In answering the call of imperialism, Europeans altered the way of life on every continent.

IMPERIALISM After 1500, empires became one of the most common forms of economic and political organization around the world. But the period between 1815 and 1914 stands out as the "Imperial Century," because during this time nearly three-quarters of the earth came to be dominated by a handful of empires. Imperialism depended on the physical occupation and administration of overseas dominions to utilize and exploit labor, resources, and raw materials for the benefit of the nation state. By the nineteenth century, imperialism was more aggressive than in any previous era. Wherever imperialism occurred, however, it was usually accomplished by violence and oppression. Moreover, the unequal relationships caused by imperialism sparked resistance all over the world; the movements such resistance inspired led to nationalist movements that eventually destroyed all of the once-great empires.

The Age of Imperialism Define Imperialism – A policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries politically, economically and socially.

The Mad Scramble for Africa According to this cartoon, which European countries were fighting for a position in Africa? 2. How did the Berlin Conference lead to the situation shown in the cartoon? (the Berlin Conference is discussed in your book on pg.687 )

EUROPEAN CONTROL OF AFRICA What country is represented by the white? Why? Ethiopia Menilik II resisted colonization

The Age of Imperialism, 1850-1914 Causes Nationalism To gain power, European nations compete for colonies and trade. Imperialism Economic Competition Europeans exerted influence over the economic, political, and social lives of people they colonized. Demand for raw materials and new markets spurs a search for colonies. Missionary Spirit Europeans believe they must spread their Christian teachings to the world.

Social Darwinism Ideologies such as Social Darwinism justified European expansion into Asia, Africa, and Latin America. Social Darwinism, a belief in the cultural superiority of western nations over less industrially developed nations White Man's Burden": racist patronizing that preached that the “superior” Westerners had an obligation to bring their culture to “uncivilized” peoples in other parts of the world. Poem by Rudyard Kipling

“The sun never sets on the British Empire” 1. What does the above saying mean? 2. Which British colony is also a continent? 3. How could such a small nation gain such large amounts of territory? 8

ASIAN IMPERIALISM

American Imperialism Early imperialism called Manifest Destiny – to expand from “sea to shining sea.” Indian wars, the Mexican War. Americans moved out into the Pacific Ocean in the nineteenth century (1800s). Took control of Hawaii. Japan – in 1853 Commodore Matthew Perry opened up trade with Japan by threatening military action. Japanese opened up trade to everyone. By 1830, Japan itself was an imperialist power, taking control of the Pacific. This led to American involvement in WWII. Fought a war with Spain in 1898. Acquired the Philippines, Guam and Puerto Rico. (Spanish American War) U.S. becomes a world power.

The Age of Imperialism, 1850-1914 Effects Colonization Europeans control land and people in areas of Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Imperialism Colonial Economics Europeans exerted influence over the economic, political, and social lives of people they colonized. Europeans control trade in the colonies and set up dependent cash-crop economies. Christianization Christianity is spread to Africa, India, and Asia.

Militarism: Glorification of the military. Imperialism led to: Militarism: Glorification of the military. Militarism led to: Nationalism: A strong feeling of pride in and devotion to one’s country. Nationalism led to: Aspirations for independence in a country under foreign domination.

WORLD WAR I