Bellwork: September 26th Why did Romans revolt against the Republic? How did this lead to Julius Caesar coming to power? Describe Caesar’s reforms. Did people support these? Why or why not? What was Octavian (Augustus’) new political role in Rome? (page 161) THINKER: Why do you think Augustus was popular with the Romans?

Overview of Caesar's Assassination https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wgPymD-NBQU

Roman Empire Two periods of Roman government: Roman Republic: 509BC – 30BC Roman Empire: 30BC – 476AD Rome technically had an “empire” under the Roman Republic The term “Roman Empire” refers to the time period, beginning with Augustus, when Rome was ruled by emperors

The roman empire

Reform under Augustus After a period of civil war, Caesar’s nephew, Augustus, became the ruler of Rome in 32 BC. In the 40 years of Augustus’ reign he introduced many reforms: Attacked government corruption Encouraged the growth of business Extended citizenship to more provinces Established fire and police departments for Rome Imported food for Rome’s poor Built and maintained the empire’s infrastructure Established a strong money system Begun Pax Romana (Roman Peace) which lasted 200 yrs

“I found Rome a city of bricks, and left it a city of marble” -Augustus Caesar

Augustus Caesar’s Power Originally named Octavian, the Senate gave him the name Augustus meaning “most high” Made consul for life by the Senate Also made Princeps, meaning “first citizen” Origin of the word prince Also made Imperator meaning “successful general” Origin of the word emperor Also made Pontifex Maximus meaning “chief religious leader” Origin of the word pontiff (used to describe the pope) Had the power to call the Senate, veto Senate laws & make laws himself

Roman Empire: Jigsaw Activity The Roman Empire is most-remembered for it’s political, cultural and societal successes. Working in groups of three, each group member will read about one category of achievements during the Roman Empire. Politics: Emperors of the Early Empire (pages 163-165) Culture: Roman Arts and Sciences (pages 165-167) Society: Life in the Roman World (pages 167-170) As you read your section, respond to the corresponding questions. After everyone is finished, you will meet with two other students and teach them about your topic. You will be the only one in your group who read about your topic, so make sure you understand it, can explain it, and complete the notes accurately.

No bellwork today! Meet with your group to finish your Roman Empire notes! Afterwards, come up with a list of modern contributions from the Romans. Be ready to discuss!

Discussion One of the main things Rome is remembered for are their contributions to modern society. List as many modern contributions you can think of! Can include successes in both the Roman Republic and Roman Empire. Need a minimum of five! Be ready to discuss!

Law & Order

Roman Architecture: The Pantheon

Roman Architecture: Roads

System of Roads

Roman Architecture: Aqueducts

Roman Architecture: The Colosseum

Daily Life

Roman Art: Mosaics

Roman Art: Sculptures Neptune: Roman god of the sea

Language & Literature World Map of Romance Languages

Romance languages WINDOW Latin: fenestra French: fenêtre Spanish: ventana Portuguese: janela Italian: finestra Romanian: fereastra ONE Latin: unus French: un Spanish: uno Portugese: um Italian: uno Romanian: unul

Video: “Engineering an Empire – Rome”

September 29th: No bellwork today! Today’s focus will be the rise of Christianity and it’s impact on the Roman Empire. Get out your books! Page 178!

Rise of Christianity in Rome As you know, Judaism was practiced in Judea (Israel) and influenced other monotheistic religions. In 4B.C., Jesus of Nazareth (Jesus Christ) was born in Judea. When Judea fell under Roman control, Roman leaders began persecuting the Jews. Jesus was eventually crucified by the Romans (traditional method of execution)

Rise of Christianity in Rome After his death, his followers believed he rose from the dead, and the community they formed eventually became the Christian Church. Christians believed he was the Son of God and the awaited Messiah (Christ) prophesied in the Old Testament  Big difference between Judaism and Christianity!!! To learn more about the rise and spread of Christianity and it’s impact on the Roman Empire, read pgs. 178-182 and complete the worksheet.

Upcoming events in history….. Friday: Rise of Christianity Monday 10/2: Fall of Rome Tuesday 10/3: ½ day cultural day! Wednesday 10/4: Guest speaker – background/beliefs of Islam BLOCK #2: Finish Rome, review and study guide work time Monday 10/9: Unit 1 Short Answer Exam Be able to compare/contrast two civilizations Must have a thesis, three similarities & three differences with clear explanations Egypt, Mesopotamia, India, China, Israel, Persia, Greece, Macedonia, Rome Tuesday 10/10: Multiple Choice Exam (60 questions) Study Guide is due! 40 points! All late/missing work from unit 1 is due! Quarter 1 Grades due Friday October 13th!

Unit 1 Exam Tips Use your study guide as a basis for review. Study vocab! For the short answer: Pick two civilizations that have a lot of similarities and differences! Practice writing a thesis…..what will you be arguing? Be able to provide examples of each. Do NOT just tell me everything you know about the topic…..your job is to compare and contrast the two, so you need to make clear connections between their similarities and differences. You will only be allowed 2 pages – focus on the main points and summarizing your argument! Review unit worksheets, notes, PowerPoints, etc.