Amsterdam, a city without gas? 2 juni 2018 OSAKA Amsterdam, a city without gas? Jannis van Zanten Jannis.van.zanten@waternet.nl Amsterdam 21 September 2011 Klimaatbureau Amsterdam
Amsterdam Amsterdam Energy demand 760.000 inhabitants 4 billion kWh 400.000 houses 15 million m2 utility 8 million m2 office space 250.000 cars Energy demand 4 billion kWh 850 million m3 natural gas
CO2 reduction targets 2025: minus 3,1 Mton 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 1990 2010 2030 2050 Tijd CO2 - emissie t.o.v. 1990 doel IPCC ± 80% 95% doel Amsterdam 2025 40% doel Amsterdam 2040 75% Year emissiion in (1990) Target IPCC 2050 Target Amsterdam 2025 Target Amsterdam 2040 - Amsterdam has stated two main climate targets (as part of the international Kyoto agreement): It wants to reduce the local CO2 emissions with 40% in 2025 compared to the 1990 level Amsterdam will show the possibilities by creating a climate neutral municipal organisation by 2015 Energy: sustainable, but also payable and reliable! 3
Renewables
Energy infrastructure in Amsterdam Principle Energy demand and production in a urban area has surplus or shortages of renewable energy in time and location. A sustainable city needs: Electricitygrids District heating District cooling (where needed) Use of all central and decentral renewable sources (electricity and heat). Efficient use of gas (cogen: electricity and heat).
Smart grid electricity
District heating
District Cooling
Hindering factors In general: Cheap fossil fuels, coal, gas and oil Wind: Big turbines deliver cheap kWh but social support is low Solar: Lower prices of panels but in Amsterdam self-delivery is difficult Biogas: Cheap natural gas and various supply (standard of biogas), but existing network for natural gas District heating & cooling: expensive networks but plenty of restheat and deep lake cooling Hot & cold storage: excellent underground characteristics but systems heavely underperform
How to get connected? Coalition: Developers and owners (social housing and private owners) Users Heat company (joint venture NUON/Amsterdam) Municipal services (districts, urban planners etc. etc.) Up date of legislation based on carbon age Money
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