Effect of tillage and intercropping on crop productivity, profitability and soil fertility under tribal farming situations of India Aliza Pradhan1, T.

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Presentation transcript:

Effect of tillage and intercropping on crop productivity, profitability and soil fertility under tribal farming situations of India Aliza Pradhan1, T. Idol1, P. K. Roul2, K. N. Mishra2, C. Chan-Halbrendt1, J. Halbrendt1 and C. Ray3 1Dept. of Natural Resources & Environmental Management, University of Hawaii, Manoa, 2Odisha University of Agriculture & Technology, India. 3Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Hawaii, Manoa

Conservation Agriculture Production Systems CAPS concept developed by USAID Sustainable Agriculture and Natural Resource Management (SANREM) program Based on integration of CA practices Minimum soil disturbance Continuous organic soil cover Appropriate crop rotation

Conservation Agriculture Production Systems CAPS intended to work together to sustain yields and natural resource quality SANREM goals are to improve: Crop yield and natural resource quality Household and community livelihoods Gender equity Social and technological networks

The Study Area: District of Kendujhar, Odisha, India State of Odisha Map of India Tribal village: Tentuli, approx. 60 households Subsistence farmers, averaging < 2 ha land/household in cultivation Rely on low input, rain-fed rice and maize based cropping systems

Objective Assess the effects of reduced tillage, intercropping and residue cover on a) crop yield b) profitability c) soil physico-chemical properties

On farm trial

20 household/farm fields in Tentuli participated in Yr 1 4 treatments, randomized block design Improved varieties of maize (Zea mays) cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) mustard (Brassica juncea) Treat Season Ground cover (%) Tillage 1st season (Jun-Oct) 2nd season (Nov-Jan) T1 Maize Mustard Conventional T2 Maize + cowpea 90 T3 60 Minimum T4

Harvesting maize Cowpea yield Mustard as cover crop On farm trials showing MT and CT Harvesting maize Cowpea yield Mustard as cover crop Cover crop trial visit Harvest ready to sell

Results Significant interaction effect of tillage and intercropping Cowpea was an additional yield. Intercropping had significant effect on mustard yield. Figure 7. Interaction effect of tillage and intercropping on maize yield

MT + intercropping had highest labor requirement Profitability MT + intercropping had highest labor requirement +71% compared to control Mainly due to weeding and harvesting. Also had highest profitability +27% compared to control ($518 ha-1 yr-1) Cowpea provided additional income Mustard yield higher in intercropped treatments

MT + intercropping showed positive trends Soil No significant effect of treatments after 1 year MT + intercropping showed positive trends bulk density organic C extractable nutrients

Conclusion Full implementation of locally adapted CAPS shows promise for meeting SANREM goals Field days demonstrating CAPS resulted in requests from additional farmers in Tentuli and neighboring villages to participate

Mahalo (Thank you)