Sahiwal Milch breed

Female reproductive system of cow

Parts of reproductive tract in cow

Function of reproductive system Produce egg cells Serve as receptacle for penis during copulation House and nourish the foetus until parturition

Ovaries: paired structure Produce eggs Hormones: Estrogen and Progesterone, Realxin Oviduct: a paired tubes, that transport egg from uterus Serve as site where fertilization occurs Infundibulum: Two funnel like opening that pick up egg for ovulation and direct them to body of oviduct Ampullae: broader part of oviduct Isthmus: neck of oviduct

Uterus: A major reproductive organ comprises uterine body and uterine horn The embryo attaches to uterine body or uterine horn. Passage way for sperm during copulation Incubation and nourishment of embryo during pregnancy Expulsion of foetus during parturition by contraction

Cervix: a thick wall mass of connective tissue with small tube opening that joins the uterus to vagina It serve as passage for semen during copulation It contains gland secrete waxy substance that seals of uterus during pregnancy to protect against infection, disease, any foreign matter

Vulva: External portion of female that serve to protect the internal system from infection Receive the penis at copulation

Follicle: A blister like mass on surface of ovary that contains ovum, produces and stores estrogen The Follicle secretes estrogen as signal to rest of reproductive tract to prepare for ovulation

Corpus hemorrhagicum A small clotted blood area that develops at the site of ruptured follicle Corpus Luteum A yellow body develop in place of corpus hemorrhagicum and produce progesterone. Progesterone: It prepares reproductive system for pregnancy unless ovum is fertilized. A cow produces 1 ovum per cycle. If fertilization of egg occurs than CL will remain If did not occur then it will regress.

Oestrus: It is time period when female animal receptive to male for mating purpose

Stands to be mounted

CL remains throughout pregnancy to produce Progesterone Progesterone prevents an estrus period during pregnancy help to implant and nourish embryo and help to develop mammary gland

When bred naturally, male deposits the semen into vagina of female The sperm make their way through cervix into uterine body uterine horn and finally into oviduct

Cotyledonary Placenta

Parturition A normal pregnancy ends with birth of offspring At Parturition foetus is expelled from the uterus passing through the cervix and vagina out of reproductive tract.

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Parturition in cow

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