Ch 1A -Earth’s Layers

Earth’s Layers

Crust Thin rigid layer that surrounds the earth Two types of crust Continental – granite Oceanic – basalt Oceanic Crust is more dense than continental crust but thinnest type of crust

Earth’s Layers Crust Thin rigid layer that surrounds the earth Two types of crust Continental – granite Oceanic – basalt Oceanic Crust is more dense than continental crust but thinnest crust Earth’s Layers

Mantle Mantle is less dense near the crust and more dense near the core Solid and liquid mix Mantle is the thickest layer Outer edge is cool and rigid Contains asthenosphere & part of lithosphere

Crust Thin rigid layer that surrounds the earth Two types of crust Continental – granite Oceanic – basalt Oceanic Crust is more dense than continental crust Earth’s Layers Mantle Mantle is less dense near the crust and more dense near the core Mantle is the thickest layer Outer edge is cool and rigid Contains asthenosphere & part of lithosphere

Outer Core Lower pressure allows the outer core to remain liquid & move around inner core causes Earth’s magnetic field Made up of metals, iron and nickel Temperature and pressure are lower in the outer core than the inner core Outer core is less dense than the inner core

Crust Thin rigid layer that surrounds the earth Two types of crust Continental – granite Oceanic – basalt Oceanic Crust is more dense than continental crust Earth’s Layers Mantle Mantle is less dense near the crust and more dense near the core Mantle is the thickest layer Outer edge is cool and rigid Outer Core *Lower pressure allows the outer core to remain liquid & move around the inner core causing Earth’s magnetic field *Temperature and pressure are lower in the outer core than the inner core *Outer core is less dense than the inner core

Inner Core Intense pressure makes the inner core a solid even though it is very hot Inner core is made up of metals (iron & nickel) Inner core has the highest/greatest temperature, pressure and density

Crust Thin rigid layer that surrounds the earth Two types of crust Continental – granite Oceanic – basalt Oceanic Crust is more dense than continental crust Earth’s Layers Mantle Mantle is less dense near the crust and more dense near the core Mantle is the thickest layer Outer edge is cool and rigid Outer Core Lower pressure allows the outer core to remain liquid Temperature and pressure are lower in the outer core than the inner core Outer core is less dense than the inner core Inner Core Intense pressure makes the inner core a solid even though it is very hot Inner core is made up o f metals (iron & nickle) Inner core has the highest/greatest temperature, pressure and density

Lithosphere Crust & top rigid layer of mantle Broken into tectonic plates (19) “Litho” – stone We “li”ve on the “li”thosphere 

Asthenosphere Hot, soft rock of mantle Flows, plasticity Magma Convection currents which move tectonic plates

Moving from the CRUST to the CORE Lowest Temperature Lowest Pressure Least Dense All the above INCREASES as you go down Highest Temperature Highest Pressure Greatest Density

Convection Currents CONTINUOUS MOVEMENT Most Dense Sinks ( Cools) Less Dense Rises (heats) Molecules are CLOSER Molecules are FARTHER together apart Heat Source