Migrants and mobile populations Last updated: February 2015

CONTENT HIV prevalence and epidemiology Risk behaviors Vulnerability and HIV knowledge National response

HIV prevalence and epidemiology

HIV prevalence among migrants and wives of migrants, 2010-12 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on HIV Sentinel Surveillance Surveys and Integrated Biological and Behavioural Surveys

HIV prevalence among migrant workers who are working in Thailand, 2010 and 2012 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Thailand Bureau of Epidemiology. (2013). Report of HIV Situation among Migrant Workers in Thailand: Integrated Biological and Behavioural Surveillance Survey among Migrants Workers in Thailand 2012

Proportion of migrants among reported HIV cases, 2014 * Migrant workers and spouses of migrants Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on National HIV and AIDS case reporting and AIDS registry

A prospective cohort study indicates high incidence of HIV and syphilis among migrant MSM in Beijing Study design: Prospective cohort study Participants : 511 HIV-negative migrant MSM HIV sero-conversion was significantly associated with ‘had first anal intercourse at age 15 or younger’ and ‘ever had group sex’ Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Mao H, Ma W, Lu H, et al. High incidence of HIV and syphilis among migrant men who have sex with men in Beijing, China: a prospective cohort study. BMJ Open 2014;4:e005351. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2014- 005351

Proportion of migrants/wives of migrants among HIV positive cases from Integrated Counselling and Testing Centre, India 2011 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Saggurti N, Mahapatra B, Swain SN, et al. (2011). Migration and HIV in India: Study of Select Districts. New Delhi: UNDP, NACO, and Population Council.

Proportion of HIV sero-concordance and discordance among people who were tested positive at Integrated Counselling and Testing Centre by migration status, India 2011 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Saggurti N, Mahapatra B, Swain SN, et al. (2011). Migration and HIV in India: Study of Select Districts. New Delhi: UNDP, NACO, and Population Council.

Risk behaviours

Percentage of migrants reported having sex with commercial/non-regular partners in the last year, 2010-11 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on 1) Success Search Option (P) Ltd Nepal, Intrepid Nepal, & Save the Children Nepal. (2010). Integrated Biological and Behavioral Surveillance Survey among Male Labor Migrants: Round 3 - Mid and Far-Western Regions of Nepal.; 2) Wagle, S., Bohidar, N., Samuels, F., et al. (2011). Vulnerability to HIV & AIDS: A Social Research on Cross Border Mobile Populations from Nepal to India.; 3) IOM, & UNAIDS. (2007). Assessment of Mobility and HIV Vulnerability among Myanmar Migrant Sex Workers and Factory Workers in Mae Sot District, Tak Province, Thailand.; 4) Sultana, T., Das, A., Sultana, M. M., et al. (2011). Vulnerability to HIV and AIDS: A Social Research on Cross Border Mobile Population from Bangladesh to India.

Percentage of migrants reported condom use with spouse or regular partners, 2014 (Emphasis project data) Control population- purposefully selected control locations that have similar socio-demographic characteristics as the EMPHASIS end-line impact population Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Ravesloot, B., & Banwart, L. O. (2014). EMPHASIS End-Line Survey Report: CARE.

Reported sexual behaviours among Bangladeshi sailors in the last 12 months, 2012 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on CARE. (2014). Bangladeshi Sailor’s Vulnerability to HIV and AIDS

Reported sexual behaviours among migrant workers in Eastern China, in the last 12 months, 2010 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Pan X, Zhu Y, Wang Q, Zheng H, Chen X, et al. (2013) Prevalence of HIV, Syphilis, HCV and their High Risk Behaviors among Migrant Workers in Eastern China. PLoS ONE 8(2): e57258. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0057258

Sexual behaviour and condom use by marital status among migrant workers in Eastern China, 2010 * in the last year Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Pan X, Zhu Y, Wang Q, Zheng H, Chen X, et al. (2013) Prevalence of HIV, Syphilis, HCV and their High Risk Behaviors among Migrant Workers in Eastern China. PLoS ONE 8(2): e57258. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0057258

Percentage of returned migrants reported condom use by partner type, Nepal, 2010 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on 1. Success Search Option (P) Ltd Nepal, Intrepid Nepal, & Save the Children Nepal. (2010). Integrated Biological and Behavioral Surveillance Survey among Male Labor Migrants: Round 3 - Mid and Far-Western Regions of Nepal

Proportion of married men reported having extramarital sex and condom use at last sex by migration status, India 2011 Proportion of men reported having extramarital sex in the last 12 months Proportion of men reported condom use at last extramarital sex Sampled population = married men and women who visited Integrated Counselling and Testing Centre Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Saggurti N, Mahapatra B, Swain SN, et al. (2011). Migration and HIV in India: Study of Select Districts. New Delhi: UNDP, NACO, and Population Council.

Proportion of married women reported having extramarital sex and condom use at last sex by husband’s migration status, India 2011 Proportion of women reported having extramarital sex in the last 12 months Proportion of women reported condom use at last extramarital sex Sampled population = married men and women who visited Integrated Counselling and Testing Centre Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Saggurti N, Mahapatra B, Swain SN, et al. (2011). Migration and HIV in India: Study of Select Districts. New Delhi: UNDP, NACO, and Population Council.

Vulnerability and HIV knowledge

Proportion of migrants with comprehensive HIV knowledge, 2008-2012 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on 1) Success Search Option (P) Ltd Nepal, Intrepid Nepal, & Save the Children Nepal. (2010). Integrated Biological and Behavioral Surveillance Survey among Male Labor Migrants: Round 3 - Mid and Far-Western Regions of Nepal.; 2) Saggurti N, Mahapatra B, Swain SN, et al. (2011). Migration and HIV in India: Study of Select Districts. New Delhi: UNDP, NACO, and Population Council; 3) Mongolia Second Generation Sentinel Surveillance 2009 cited in UNGASS Country Progress Report, 2010; 4) Thailand Bureau of Epidemiology. (2013). Report of HIV Situation among Migrant Workers in Thailand: Integrated Biological and Behavioural Surveillance Survey among Migrants Workers in Thailand 2012

National response

Inclusion of migrants in the latest available National Strategic Plans Country Identify migrants as priority population or focus area 1 Afghanistan (2011-2015) YES 2 Bangladesh (2011-2015) 3 Bhutan (2012-2016) 4 Brunei Darussalam No information 5 Cambodia (2011-2015) 6 China (2011-2015) 7 DPR Korea No National Strategic Plan 8 Fiji (2011-2015) 9 India (2012-2017) 10 Indonesia (2010-2014) 11 Japan (2012-2017) 12 Lao PDR (2011-2015) 13 Malaysia (2011-2015) 14 Maldives 15 Mongolia (2010-2015) 16 Myanmar (2011-2015) 17 Nepal (2011-2016) 18 Pakistan (2007-2012) 19 Papua New Guinea (2011-2015) 20 Philippines (2011-2016) 21 Republic of Korea 22 Singapore 23 Sri Lanka (2007-2011) 24 Thailand (2012-2016) 25 Timor-Leste (2011-2016) 26 Viet Nam (2011-2020) Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on the latest National Strategic Plans and National Commitments and Policies Instrument(NCPI), 2012

Percentage of migrants in India who are provided with health care benefits by their employer Control population- purposefully selected control locations that have similar socio-demographic characteristics as the EMPHASIS end-line impact population Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Ravesloot, B., & Banwart, L. O. (2014). EMPHASIS End-Line Survey Report: CARE.

Percentage of migrants in India (end-line impact population of Emphasis project) reporting access to HIV related services, 2014 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Ravesloot, B., & Banwart, L. O. (2014). EMPHASIS End-Line Survey Report: CARE.

Percentage of migrants in India (end-line impact population of Emphasis project) reporting a supportive HIV and AIDS related environment, 2014 * among those who know a migrant living with HIV Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Ravesloot, B., & Banwart, L. O. (2014). EMPHASIS End-Line Survey Report: CARE.

Proportion of migrants tested for HIV, 2009-2011 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on 1) Wagle, S., Bohidar, N., Samuels, F., et al. (2011). Vulnerability to HIV & AIDS: A Social Research on Cross Border Mobile Populations from Nepal to India.; 2)Sultana, T., Das, A., Sultana, M. M., et al. (2011). Vulnerability to HIV and AIDS: A Social Research on Cross Border Mobile Population from Bangladesh to India.; 3) Mongolia Second Generation Sentinel Surveillance 2009 cited in UNGASS Country Progress Report, 2010

Restriction on entry, stay, and residence based on HIV status in South-East Asia and the Pacific countries South-East Asia   Pacific Brunei YES Fiji NO Cambodia Kiribati Indonesia Marshall Islands Lao PDR FSM* Malaysia Nauru NO INFO Myanmar Palau Philippines Papua New Guinea Singapore Samoa Thailand Solomon Islands Timor-Leste Tonga Viet Nam Tuvalu Vanuatu Sources: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on UNAIDS, UNDP, UNFPA, and UNODC. (2014). Punitive Laws Hindering the HIV Response in Asia and the Pacific (October 2014) *Federated States of Micronesia

Restriction on entry, stay, and residence based on HIV status in South and East Asia countries South Asia   East Asia Afghanistan NO China Bangladesh Japan Bhutan Mongolia India DRP Korea YES Maldives Rep of Korea Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka Sources: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on UNAIDS, UNDP, UNFPA, and UNODC. (2014). Punitive Laws Hindering the HIV Response in Asia and the Pacific (October 2014)

slides compiled by www.aidsdatahub.org THANK YOU slides compiled by www.aidsdatahub.org Data shown in this slide set are comprehensive to the extent they are available from country reports. Please inform us if you know of sources where more recent data can be used. Please acknowledge www.aidsdatahub.org if slides are lifted directly from this site