Mary S. Booth, John M. Stark, Edward Rastetter

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Presentation transcript:

Controls on Nitrogen Cycling in terrestrial ecosystems: A Synthetic Analysis of Literature Data Mary S. Booth, John M. Stark, Edward Rastetter Ecological Monographs, Vol. 75, No. 2 (May, 2005), pp. 139-157

Nitrogen Cycle Nitrification Denitrification Aerobic NO2- NO3- Biomass Assimilation Dinitrogen Fixation Assimilation NO3- Biomass NH3 , NH4+ N2 Mineralization Mineralization Anammox Denitrification NO N2O NO2- Anaerobic

Pool dilution approach Labeled Product (e.g.: 15NO3-) Biomass Gross rate (e.g.:Nitrification) Substrate (e.g.: NH3) Product (e.g.: NO3-) Consumption (E.g.: Assimilation, Denitrification) Product2 (e.g.: NO2-) 3 assumptions: No discrimination between different isotopes Rates remain constant No recycling of labeled product

Controls on NH4+ and NO3- production and consumption? Differences in rates and relationships among various ecosystems?

Controls on mineralization

Controls on nitrification Proportion of nitrified N from mineralized N decreases (63% at 1mg, 28% at 5mg and 19% at 10mg)

Controls on uptake of inorganic N Mineralization, Assimilation and extractable N pool of same magnitude turnover ~1 d NO3- assimilation was higher in assays done with intact soil cores

Controls on uptake of inorganic N

Controls on uptake of inorganic N

Difference between various ecosystems

Summary Mineralization positively related to soil C and N C:N ratio exerts a secondary negative influence N mineralization covaries with N assimilation, Nitrification and extractable N Nitrification strongly related to Mineralization proportionally most important fate of NH4+ at low mineralization rates

Summary Turnover times of Inorganic N pools ~ 1 d N mineralization higher in grassland than woodland soils at similar C conc. Grassland soils with lower C:N ratio N mineralization higher in deciduous than coniferous woodland soils at similar C conc. Decidous woodland soils with lower C:N ratio

Conclusions SOM quality C:N ratio as index NH4+, NO3- rates and pools in quasi-equilibrium state with SOM concentration Nitrifiers and heterotrophs in competition for NH4+ and space Nitrifiers in C-depleted microsites Units N per C liberated or serve as proxy for factors like recalcitrance (possibility for microbes to digest) (lignin content) Higher soil C supports greater populations of heterotrophs which assimilate NH4+ to the detriment of Nitrifiers (folie 9)