Fluid Mechanics : Fundamentals and Applications

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Presentation transcript:

Fluid Mechanics : Fundamentals and Applications Sourse Book Fluid Mechanics : Fundamentals and Applications by Y.A. ÇENGEL and JM. CIMBALA

Fluid Mechanics Applications Air Plains, Aircrafts, Air or space vehicles, Jet Engines, Propellers

Ship Pomps 1/44 Wind Türbine Car Fan BIOFLUID MECHANICS

Aerodynamics 1/44

Hydrodynamics 1/44

Turboprop – the PT6 Pratt & Whitney Canada 1/44 Free turbine Axial-centrifugal compressor Reverse-flow combustor Started 1956 – remains in production 450-1500 kW Upper right – a Cessna caravan

Turbofan engine Fan diameter: 2.95 meters Power A380 maiden flight Thrust 338kN (Trent 977) 1/44 Turbofans have replaced turbojets for passenger aircraft. Better specific fuel consumption. Less noise. A380 is the most advanced, spacious and efficient airliner ever conceived. Launched in December 2000 and now in its detailed definition phase, the A380 will enter airline service in 2006. The world’s only twin-deck, four-aisle airliner with a capacity of 555 passengers. The A380 can be powered by Trent 900 engines from Rolls-Royce or GP7200 engines from The Engine Alliance (a joint venture between General Electric and Pratt & Whitney). The first Airbus A380 superjumbo is scheduled to make its maiden flight in 2004, with first customer delivery in 2006. Eight-stage IP compressor; six-stage HP compressor; single annular tiled combustor with 20 fuel injectors; single-stage HP turbine; single-stage IP turbine; five-stage LP turbine. Civil turbofan (high bpr)

Turbofan engine RM12 engine powering the Swedish GRIPEN fighter – Military turbofan (low bpr) 1/44 Total length: 4.04m Weight: 1055Kg Max diameter: 88.4cm (Exhaust nozzle) Inlet diameter: 70.9cm Total compression radio: 27.5:1 Max thrust with afterburner: 80.5kN Max thrust without afterburner: 54.0kN

Aircraft in motions (External flow) Fast Ferries/ Boats/Cruises (Free surface flow) (External flow) Propulsion for Jet engines ( internal flow) Aircraft in motions (External flow) (Internal flow

Aeronautics LIFT DRAG

Developments in cars ( External flows) 1/44

Engines ( Internal Flows) Internal Cumbustion Engine Jet Engines 1/44 Power generation from ocean waves

Bioengineering 1/44

Energy generation –Power Plants ( Cooling Towers) 1/44

Geology 1/44

River Hydraulics 1/44

Meteorology 1/44

Fluid Mechanics is Beautiful 1/44

Tsunamis 1/44

Tsunamis 1/44

Tsunamis 1/44

M1 tank – part load performance Power plant: AGT-1500 Turbine, 1500hp Performance: Maximum speed > 70 km/h 1% efficiency at idle!!!! High power-to-weight ratio Use CODOG for extended range LV100-5 gas turbine engine for the M1A2. The new engine is lighter and smaller with rapid acceleration, quieter running and no visible exhaust. 1/44 Air conditioning

Fluid dynamics is used extensively in the design of artificial hearts.

Biomedical fluids

Space craft Turbulance

Flows Around Bodies 1/44

Application of Fluid Mechanics Aerodynamics Bioengineering and biological systems Combustion Energy generation Geology Hydraulics and Hydrology Hydrodynamics Meteorology Ocean and Coastal Engineering Water Resources Numerous other examples…