HARVEST SCHEDULING AND CLOSE TO NATURE FORESTRY Róbert MARUŠÁK Department of Forest Management and Geodesy, The Faculty of Forestry, Technical University Zvolen, SLOVAKIA

Harvest Scheduling to prescribe how much, when and where to cut to secure sustainable cut to ensure as balanced cut as possible to take into consideration silvicultural constraints to offer more solutions to chose the ‘best‘ one to evaluate consequences of particular solutions

HS in Slovakia ALLOWABLE CUT INDICATORS Decree no. 5/1995 on forest management in wording of later regulations ALLOWABLE CUT INDICATORS Final mean increment 1/20 of forest stands growing stock of the last two age classes (20 years) and older 1/30 of forest stands growing stock of the last three age classes (30years) and older Felling volume calculated from theoretical clearing area and mean standing volume of mature stands Felling volume calculated by using of cutting percent in age classes - exploitation percent, empirical cutting percent

Rotation Forest Management

Continuous Cover Forest

Shelterwood Forest System

DEVELOPMENT OF SILVICULTURAL SYSTEMS Source: Agregate information of Forestry information centre of Lesoprojekt Zvolen

PRIORITY OF SILVICULTURAL SYSTEMS Shelterwood Selection Clear-cutting

Exploitation percent

Empirical cutting percent

Forest user’s unit no. 1 Forest user’s unit no. 2

Cutting percent

Forest user’s unit no. 1 Forest user’s unit no. 2

LP model to fulfil silvicultural rules to allow natural regeneration don’t cut young forest stands to ensure continuous cover forestry to optimise harvest elimination of big differences between periods ensuring as balanced harvest as possible reduction of overmature, low productive forest stands

Maximise Subject to

Forest user’s unit no. 1

Forest user’s unit no. 1

Forest user’s unit no. 1 Forest user’s unit no. 2

Forest user’s unit no. 1 Forest user’s unit no. 2

Values of allowable cut according to particular methods of calculation, their statistical characteristics and differnce between 1st and 3rd period Forest user’s unit no. 1 Forest user’s unit no. 2

Comparison of inductive allowable cut (IAC) with LP solution and allowable cut indicators (EP and EEP)

CONCLUSION allowable cut indicators are unsuitable for shelterwood silvicultural system (especially EP) LP solution is more suitable: more tender near to inductive allowable cut more balanced for a long time

International IUFRO Conference on Sustainable Harvest Scenarios In Forest Management Tále, The Low Tatras, Slovakia August 25 - 27, 2004 sustainable forest management and harvest planning strategic, operational and tactical harvest scheduling simulation models at the stand and landscape levels decision support tools for forest planning and harvest regulation http://www.tuzvo.sk/~marusak/conference