Overfishing and aquaculture at the coast

Task Make an A3 spider diagram of the problems of aquaculture at the coast Look at p 226-227 Philip Allan http://wwf.panda.org/about_our_earth/blue_planet/problems/aquaculture/

Aquaculture Aquaculture is farming of fish, shrimp, and shellfish. It is a huge industry, and the world's fastest growing food sector. It's worth a massive US$56 billion globally and provides one-third of the fish people consume. When done properly, some forms of aquaculture can indeed help take pressure off wild fisheries and provide needed income to coastal communities. However, as production rises, so too can aquaculture's impacts on the environment and wild marine species. competition for space pollution escaped farmed fish parasites and disease the use of wild-caught fish for fish feed the use of wild-caught fish for farming conflict with predators, such as seabirds, seals, and starfish The severity of these impacts depends upon the species being farmed. Oyster and clam farms, for example, have fewer impacts than shrimp and salmon farms, which in turn have fewer impacts than tuna farms. However, the detrimental impacts can be huge, and have even proven disastrous in some parts of the world. Impacts on local marine biodiversity can in turn cause problems for local communities that rely on marine resources for their livelihoods..

Aquaculture causes: competition for space pollution escaped farmed fish parasites and disease the use of wild-caught fish for fish feed the use of wild-caught fish for farming conflict with predators, such as seabirds, seals, and starfish

Some food for thought! Is the pollution threat of the fish farms only to do with the water? Does coastal aquaculture do much to improve food security of the poor?

Land reclamation Land reclamation is any process by which land can be substantially improved. This may include: The treatment of derelict land Drainage of land temporarily waterlogged by seasonal flooding Drainage of lakes or shallow parts of the sea floor – often with an inshore area enclosed by an embankment and the enclosure filled by rubble and rubbish or material pumped from the sea bed

Hong Kong – Chep Lao Kok airport is 12km square of reclaimed land between 2 islands

Netherlands One of the most densely populated countries in the world To gain more land a barrier was built across the Zuider Zee 2500 square km of polders were constructed for agricultural land.

Artificial islands in Dubai Waterside residential property is in high demand in one of the fastest growing cities in the world

Redeveloping derelict industrial areas In other major cities of the world past industrial and port facilities are being redeveloped for residential purposes to bring them back into use for new stakeholders. Eg Marseilles, Rotterdam