A molecular identification system for grasses: a novel technology for forensic botany  J. Ward, R. Peakall, S.R. Gilmore, J. Robertson  Forensic Science International  Volume 152, Issue 2, Pages 121-131 (September 2005) DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.07.015 Copyright © 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 The informative indels located in the 20 control samples used to design PCR assays for the identification pathway, illustrating how the assays can progressively identify a grass sample to a given taxonomic level. Forensic Science International 2005 152, 121-131DOI: (10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.07.015) Copyright © 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 An example of a tribe PCR identification assay, showing the positions of three primers (F, R, F1) designed to distinguish between samples containing small indels and the resulting PCR products. Forensic Science International 2005 152, 121-131DOI: (10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.07.015) Copyright © 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 A subfamily identification PCR assay. The first 12 samples are identified as belonging to the Pooideae and the last eight samples are identified as belonging to the Panicoideae. C is the negative control lane, and a ladder marker was used as a size standard and loaded on either side of the samples. Forensic Science International 2005 152, 121-131DOI: (10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.07.015) Copyright © 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 A tribe and genus identification PCR assay. The first half of the gel is an Andropogoneae/Paniceae tribe assay. The first four samples are identified as belonging to the Paniceae and the last four samples are identified as belonging to the Andropogoneae. The second half of the gel is a Zea/Sorghum genus assay. The first two samples are identified as belonging to Sorghum and the last two samples are identified as belonging to Zea. C is the negative control lane, and a ladder marker was used as a size standard and loaded in the first lane of each of the assays. Forensic Science International 2005 152, 121-131DOI: (10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.07.015) Copyright © 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 5 A tribe and genus identification PCR assay. The first half of the gel is a Paspalum/Panicum genus assay. The first two samples are identified as belonging to Paspalum and the last two samples are identified as belonging to Panicum. The second half of the gel is a Poeae/Triticeae tribe assay. The first eight samples are identified as belonging to the Poeae and the last four samples are identified as belonging to the Triticeae. C is the negative control lane and a ladder marker was used as a size standard and loaded in the first lane of each of the assays. Forensic Science International 2005 152, 121-131DOI: (10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.07.015) Copyright © 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions