Interest Groups and Business Corporations

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Interest Groups Organization of people with similar policy goals that tries to influence the political process to try to achieve those goals.

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Presentation transcript:

Interest Groups and Business Corporations Energy Bill-not about saving energy Interest Group-seeks to influence public policy as a way to protect of advance a narrowly defined interest Pressure Group-brings pressure on decision makers Lobby-conveys interest group issues through interaction with legislators Faction-Bad-subverts democracy Pluralist-Good, and believes interest groups promote democracy

How Interest Groups Form and Kinds of Representation Disturbance theory-changes in economic, social, or political environment that threaten the well-being of some group Free rider problem-makes it difficult to form anything other than an interest group that has economic incentives Public interest groups-advocate for a cause or an ideology Private interest group-protects and advances material interests of members

Private Interest Groups Business-Boeing; Microsoft; U.S. Chamber of Commerce; National Federation of Independent Business The Professions-American Medical Association (AMA); American Dental Association (ADA); Trial Lawyers Association Labor-Can be thought of as a public interest group—but they mostly protect the jobs and wages of their members Ethnic and Gender Groups-NAACP; League of Latin American Citizens; NOW

Interest Group Activities “Inside Game”-Lobbying-Congress, Executive, Courts “Outside Game”-Mobilization-Membership or constituents, district members, public opinion Organizing for Campaigns and Elections

Why Interest Groups are Not a Pluralist Panacea Representational Inequalities Resource Inequalities PACs-part of an interest group whose purpose is to collect money and make contributions to candidates in federal elections (Corporate, trade, and professional PACs are numerous) Soft money-unregulated expenditures-banned after 2002, but McCain-Feingold act sends soft money directly to PACs, which may make the situation worse Independent expenditures-money spent by interest groups independent of candidate’s campaign organization

Access Inequality Capture-a situation in which a regulated industry exercises substantial influence on the government agency regulating it Subgovernment-alliances among interest groups, institutions within each house of Congress, and the executive branch Interest group liberalism-a political regime in which interest groups help formulate and carry out government policies Iron triangle-an enduring alliance of common interests among interest groups, congressional committees, and bureaucratic agencies