Wed, Aug. 30 Please sit in any group Need your composition book today! Grab a handout and cut along the outer edges. Then, glue the chapter 1 cover page on page 1. 1

Objectives The Age of Exploration Did you remember? Class Tools (15 min) Set Up Notebook Books Learner Profile Game (20 min) Age of Exploration (15 min) Causes and Effects Columbus (35 min) Columbian Exchange Video Doc Analysis Skill: Detect bias and evaluate credibility in source materials.

TEXTBOOKS Check out the textbook from the library today Huge, heavy book  Keep at home At school, we can use the electronic version

NOTEBOOKS Include the date every day Draw one, colored line under each day to separate Composition Book Keeps notes in one place, in order of the chapters Keep in classroom Things included: Daily bellringers with date Content notes, maps, charts Skills practice EOC terms reviews

Was the contact of the Old and New Worlds more positive or negative?

Age of Exploration Causes and Effects Notebook Page 4 Historical Context: Until about 1450, Europe was mostly cut off and isolated from the Silk Roads. Without access to the wealth, trade goods, technologies, and ideas that travelled from China, India, the Middle East, and North Africa, Europeans lived in the “Dark Ages.” This meant that the European economy was based on agriculture alone (Manor System), European politics were decentralized (Feudalism), and life was poor and hard for the majority of people. The only cultural unity and comfort provided to Europeans came from the Catholic Church, which established common religious laws and gave people hope in salvation.   A few events began to change the direction of European history and eventually allow Europeans to dominate global trade. The first was the Black Death, or the Plague, which came to Europe through trade routes in 1348. While at first this caused an obsession with death (gothic culture) and was devastating to the European population, in the long-term this disease actually allowed survivors a better standard of living. Wages and salaries rose as survivors had less competition for jobs. The next major turning point was the Fall of Constantinople (or the Fall of the Byzantine Empire) in 1453, when the Ottoman Empire (Islamic) invaded. While at first this represented a huge defeat for Christianity and blocked off Europe from any access it had to the Silk Roads, in the long-term it would force Europeans to find wealth somewhere else. Up until 1453 only the city-states of the Italian Peninsula had any access to the wealth and trade of the Silk Roads. After 1453 it would be up to innovative and risk-taking adventurers to bring Europe out of the Dark Ages and into a Golden Age (the Renaissance). The series of voyages and expeditions made by Europeans to link Europe to the global trade and wealth of the east would be known as The Age of Exploration. Causes and Effects

What motivates you to do something challenging? Think about it What motivates you to do something challenging?

What caused Europeans to expand their power into the Americas? CAUSES What caused Europeans to expand their power into the Americas?

What caused Europeans to expand their power into the Americas? CONTEXT What caused Europeans to expand their power into the Americas? Marco Polo had established trade with the Far East, bringing back silk, gunpowder and spices Crusades opened European eyes Some nations, like Italy, grew rich Other European nations grew jealous The Ottoman Empire cut Italy off from overland trade New sea routes needed to be found since overland travel was now impossible

EXPLORERS Looking for the… CAUSES EXPLORERS Looking for the… NorthWest Passage

What were the causes of European exploration? GOLD: - Northwest Passage - Desire for Wealth/Trade - Initially looking for trade routes east GLORY: - National Competition among different European nations 3. GOD: - Spread Christianity

Marco Polo’s Eastern Great Sea Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 The Western Great Sea Marco Polo’s Eastern Great Sea

Chooses Option 3 Christopher Columbus Columbus plans to sail west from Europe to India. He thinks the sea east of India is the same as the one west of Europe. It works like Pac-man, you go off one side and come out the other.

Think about the big question: More positive or negative? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GD3dgiDreGc (Columbus vs. History 5 min)

What happened once Europeans discovered the Americas? EFFECTS What happened once Europeans discovered the Americas?

1. Destruction of Native Peoples Natives had No Immunity EFFECTS 1. Destruction of Native Peoples Natives had No Immunity Steel Weapons 4. Missionaries 2. Slavery Started 3. More Knowledge Why Africans??

EFFECTS 5. Colonies 6. Columbian Exchange

Investigate Investigator: Choose 5 top words Underline the five most important words from today’s notes. Be prepared to explain why you chose them.

“Before 1492, there were no tomatoes in Italy, no pineapples in Hawaii, no potatoes in Ireland, no oranges in Florida, and no cattle in Texas.” Why?

DEFINITION: Columbian Exchange The Columbian Exchange was the exchange of living things, diseases, and ideas across the Atlantic Ocean between the Old World (Europe) and the New World (Americas), starting in the 1400s after Christopher Columbus discovered central America. This exchange occurred as a result of the Age of Exploration, and was the start of establishing global connections around the world. WHO WHAT WHERE WHEN WHY

Video Clip “The Columbian Exchange” 4 5 “The Columbian Exchange” He divides the effects into 4 categories Germs Animals Plants People Write down notes in two columns… + EFFECTS - EFFECTS

Class Model of the Columbian Exchange GOOD BAD OR Class Model of the Columbian Exchange Get in a group/partnership Choose your top GOOD thing and top BAD thing about the C.E. Write it on the board where you think it would go. As a class, we will create a model for the Columbian exchange What goods came from where? Which area was most affected? RED = BAD BLUE = GOOD

Was the contact of the Old and New Worlds more positive or negative? Age of Exploration Was the contact of the Old and New Worlds more positive or negative? + EFFECTS - EFFECTS 5 minutes All looking for: Causes Effects WRITE YOUR REFELCTION HERE

SKILLS PRACTICE Skill: Detect bias and evaluate credibility in source materials. Look at these four sources and make a choice, yes or no. So, did Columbus die really thinking he had discovered a trade route to India?? In order to find out, what sources would you need to look at? DIRECTIONS: Read through these four docs, and answer the questions in your notebooks. Docs are Class copies, so don’t write on them. At the end, answer the big question, and explain which document was the strongest piece of evidence in forming your answer.

Closure What are the 3Gs? What was your “lightbulb” moment today? Causes and Effects of Exploration Columbian Exchange: + or -? Homework: Work on the week 2 terms Columbian Exchange Introduction of Slaves to America European motivations for exploration What trade route were explorers searching for to Asia? What was your “lightbulb” moment today?