Puberty Specific Learning Objectives: Describe the changes males and females undergo during puberty Explain the terms ovulation and menstruation Describe the stages in the female menstrual cycle

This stage of development is called puberty (or adolescence) . Puberty mind map Human children are born with a complete set of sex organs. However, they do not become active until between the ages of 10 and 18. In males, the testes start to make sperm in boys and in females, the ovaries start to release eggs. This stage of development is called puberty (or adolescence) . During this important period, many changes take place in the bodies of young men and women.

Boys vs girls Hormonal changes, mind map

Puberty mind map

Time to Change When your body reaches a certain age, your brain releases a special hormone that starts the changes of puberty. It's called gonadotropin-releasing hormone, or GnRH for short. When GnRH reaches the pituitary gland (a pea-shaped gland that sits just under the brain), this gland releases into the bloodstream two more puberty hormones: luteinizing hormone (LH for short) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH for short). Guys and girls have both of these hormones in their bodies. And depending on whether you're a guy or a girl, these hormones go to work on different parts of the body. http://kidshealth.org/teen/sexual_health/changing_body/puberty.html#cat20016

Puberty mind map

An important part of puberty for girls is the beginning of their monthly cycle. This is known as the menstrual cycle. The menstrual cycle involves the preparation of the uterus lining so that it is able to receive a fertilized egg. If an egg is fertilized, it will (?) implant itself in the prepared uterus lining. If it is not fertilized, the lining of the uterus breaks down and is lost from the body. This is called menstruation or a period. Note: the menstrual cycle is controlled by hormones ~ hormones are special chemicals which travel in the blood and carries a message from one organ to another

Four hormones involved in controlling menstruation Name Made… Function FSH Pituitary Stimulates one egg cell to develop (become follicle) Oestrogen Ovary Stimulates rebuilding of the uterus wall LH Stimulates follicle to burst and release the ovum Progesterone Completes development of uterus wall, promotes glycogen storage

Key Words… Menstruation and ovulation

http://kidshealth. org/misc/movie/bodybasics/bodybasics_female_repro http://kidshealth.org/misc/movie/bodybasics/bodybasics_female_repro.html

2 Menstruation_Animation.mp4

PMS Some girls and women find that they feel sad or easily irritated during the few days or week before their periods. Others may get angry more quickly than normal or cry more than usual. Some girls crave certain foods. These types of emotional changes may be the result of premenstrual syndrome (PMS). PMS is related to changes in the body's hormones. As hormone levels rise and fall during a woman's menstrual cycle, they can affect the way she feels, both emotionally and physically. http://kidshealth.org/teen/sexual_health/girls/menstruation.html#