American Revolution Foldable Using 6 Sheets of paper, create a foldable Space finger width apart Fold over, staple under the fold Use red and blue markers of map pencils to label your foldable

AR Foldable One student, get foldables out of the period 6 folder. Student at the front of each row, get a book for everyone in your row.

The American Revolution First Continental Congress Lexington and Concord Olive Branch Petition Patriots, Loyalists and British Bunker Hill Common Sense Declaration of Independence Saratoga Valley Forge Yorktown Vocabulary

First Continental Congress What was the First Continental Congress? The First Continental Congress was the gathering of leaders (delegates)from 12 of the 13 colonies in Philadelphia, PA (Independence Hall) in 1774 What are four things they did? Pass resolutions supporting Massachusetts Boycott all British goods Urged each colony to create their own milita Agreed to meet again in May 1775

Lexington and Concord What is the significance of the battles of Lexington and Concord? The Start of the American Revolution – The Shot heard round the world.

Olive Branch Petition What is a Petition? A formal written request to someone in authority signed by a group of people What did the Olive Branch Petition say? Formal petition written to King George III by the delegates declaring their loyalty and asking the King to repeal (remove) the Intolerable Acts. How did King George III react to the Olive Branch Petition? King George III was furious when he heard about the petition. He felt the colonists were trying to begin a war to “declare independence”. The King vowed to bring the rebels (Colonists) to justice. He sends 20,000 more troops to the colonies and hired Hessians (German soldiers) to fight the colonies. Colonists were convinced war could not be avoided.

Patriots, Loyalists and British Want to PART from Britain Loyalists – Want to remain LOYAL to Britain British – soldiers from Britain Advantages Disadvantages Many owned rifles and were good shots Colonial forces are poorly organized and untrained Many Loyalists fled to England or Canada Highly trained, experienced troops Armies were 3,000 miles from home Their leader , GW, became a brilliant commander Had few cannons, little gunpowder, no navy Those who fled left behind their homes, stores and farms The British navy was the best in the world. Were determined to fight to protect their home and family Few colonists were willing to enlist in the Continental Army. Preferred to fight close to home ad part of the local militia Patriots tarred and feather people known to favor the British Many colonists supported the British

Battle of Bunker Hill What was the significance of the Battle of Bunker Hill? The Battle of Bunker Hill was the first major battle of the Revolution. It proved the Americans were brave and the British would not be easy to defeat. How did the Continental Army gain control of Boston? The Continental Army gained control of Boston by training an army who was loyal to Washington and by placing cannons along Dorchester Heights overlooking Boston Harbor. The cannons were a sign to the British they would not be able to seize Boston and so they retreated.

Common Sense Explain Common Sense, including who wrote it and what it was about. Common Sense was a pamphlet written by Thomas Paine to try and persuade the colonists to fight for independence. He said it was “common sense” for the colonies to be a new country rather than be ruled by the King of England who was thousands of miles away. Analyze Common Sense. How could the pamphlet have persuaded the colonists to support independence?

The Declaration of Independence Signed July 4, 1776 by the Delegates of the Second Continental Congress Written by Thomas Jefferson The Preamble The opening statement of the Declaration Declares when one country must separate from another, they must list the reasons for the separation Part I – Natural Rights Inalienable right – rights which, according to the Declaration of Independence, cannot be taken away Unalienable rights include life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness States the purpose of government is to protect basic rights People have the right to throw off a government that does not protect basic rights

Declaration of Independence Cont’d Part II – Grievances (Problems) Lists the problems the colonists are having with the King of England Tells what the King and Parliament have done to result in the colonists declaring independence Grievances include: Taxation without Representation, no trial by jury, quartering of troops, standing armies during peacetime, taking away self government, restricting trade Part III – Formally declare independence Colonists officially declare independence from Britain with the final statement

Battle of Saratoga Explain how the Battle of Saratoga marked a turning point in the war. The Battle of Saratoga was a turning point in the war because the Americans had been losing battles and they won this one. Because they showed such determination in their fight for independence, the French decided to help the colonists defeat England. The French loaned the colonies ships, guns, and soldiers. If the French had not helped the Americans, Britain most likely would have won the war.

Valley Forge What was Valley Forge? Why is it important? Why do you think soldiers remained in the army even after the hard winter at Valley Forge? Top Half of page: Using an illustration, explain the hardships of Valley Forge. Write a caption to go with your illustration.  

Battle of Yorktown How did the Americans gain victory at Yorktown? The British general Cornwallis positioned his army on a small peninsula called Yorktown, hoping his army would be able to get supplies by sea. The Americans blocked the British in from the west and the French navy blocked them in from the east, cutting off their supplies. They were forced to surrender. The Battle of Yorktown was the last battle of the Revolution. What were the terms of the Treaty of Paris? Under the Treaty of Paris, England was required to recognize the United States as an independent nation. The borders of the U.S. became the Atlantic Ocean (east), Mississippi River (west), Great Lakes (north) and Florida (south). Explain WHY the Americans won the American Revolution. Americans were familiar with the local geography Americans received help from France and Spain Americans became very patriotic in their fight against England