Mauryan Similarity Gupta Chandragupta Maurya founded empire Autocratic style of rule Ashoka – started out Hindu but became Buddhist Brutal ruler which is why he became Buddhist Brings empire to its height LARGE/SUBSTANTIAL bureaucracy “weaker” in some ways than Gupta Larger territory more prone to conflict Focus on math, science, art Predominantly Hindu Varnas, dharma, karma, etc… South Asia Allowed to function in a somewhat isolated fashion Neither subject to massive/substantial invasion Chandra Gupta HUGE tax/tribute system GOLDEN AGE OF INDIA A flowering a art, literature, science, etc.. Concept of ZERO attributed to Gupta Regional Kingdoms Within (limited autonomy) NORTH (autonomous pending tribute payment) “stronger” in some ways than Mauryan Smaller territory with tribute states

Mauryan Similarity Gupta Larger territory than Gupta Gravitated toward Buddhism Collapsed due to dynastic disputes and invasions Founded by Chandragupta Maurya ASOKA – brutal until he found Buddhism Hindusim Divided into provinces w royal governors Based upon strict VARNAS (Caste System) South Asia Fairly isolated SCIENCE and MATH Smaller territory than Mauryan Sanskrit utilized GOLDEN AGE OF INDIA Promoted arts and literature Religious influence Founded by Chandra Gupta I Relied on tribute from AUTONOMOUS kingdoms Relied upon alliances Able to have a “good time” because of a lack of conflict More freedoms

ID the fundamental Elements of Classical China & How it shaped the region and beyond Impact on Region (SEA/East Asia) Beyond China Dynastic Cycle Mandate of Heaven Confucianism Filial Piety Civil Service Exam Bureaucracy Meritocracy Buddhism Daoism Legalism Silk RoadSSSSSSSSSS Self-sufficient Differing beliefs = conflict Legalism – consolidates power and standardized weights and measurements Silk Roadssss – Connects goods, services, and beliefs to the world (Europe, Japan, etc…) Isolationist (developed their own thing in their area) MOH/DC = Divine right rule Vietnam, Korea, Japan, etc attempts at sinification Silk Roadsssss – desire for Chinese luxury goods Foreigners view them as inferior Technological diffusion – gunpowder, compass, measurement, ships, astrolabe, printing press Civil Service exam in Europe way down the road (realized that an aristocracy was not good)

ID the fundamental Elements of Classical China & How it shaped the region and beyond Impact on Region (SEA/East Asia) Beyond China

Using Freemanpedia, describe the significance of his Top 10 Mediterranean items

Who had the most profound impact on trade? Muslims Mongols Muhammed was a trader which allowed him the time to receive visions from Allah TOLERANCE: Special tolerance granted to Dhimmi (Abrahamic Religions or People of the Book) Mawali – Non-Arab Muslims Trade became easier for them under the Abbasid Caliphate (until it was crushed by  Those guys Land SW Asia, Africa, Europe, Asia (Silk Roads…) Substantial influence in Africa Mansa Musa traveled along trade routes and shared his wealth #inflationissues Timbuktu – salt and gold trade, Ghana, Mali, Songhai, learning, religions Sea Trade Boats for Trade = Dhow Swahili Coast – Mogadishu, Arabic/Bantu language Chinggis Khan realized that trade was vital to survival Gave special attention to status of traders (improving) Reinvigorated cross Eurasian trade Silks RoadS are BACK! Golden Horde Made trade routes safe for exchange If you disrupt trade, we will end you Stimulated the economy of conquered areas by putting local princes in power Relocated Russian trade center from Kiev to Moscow Established capital at Karakorum Yuan Dynasty – Kublai Khan, Well respected and utilized fear as a tool to facilitate greater trade Maximized productivity by enhancing preexisting cities while establishing new ones Caused Destruction Black Death spread along trade route (#sorrynotsorry) Destroyed Abbasid Caliphate - 1258 Tolerant of religious and ethnic diversity People happy, trade not bad CK was an animist (believed in spirits) Allowed people to practice whatever

Who had the most profound impact on trade? Muslims Mongols

How was trade conducted (routes and methods) and what was traded? In TP3, how was trade conducted (routes and methods) and what was being traded? How was trade conducted (routes and methods) and what was traded? Trans-Saharan Trade Route Caravans, Camels (CARAVANS ARE IMPORTANT) Mediterranean Sea Lanes Indian Ocean Trade Dhows Silk Roadsssssssssssss Hanseatic League – trade route along the Baltic Sea Swahili Coast Southeast/East Asia Trade Technological Advances – compass, new forms of monetization Strait of Malacca Luxury Goods – spices, gold, spices, salt, porcelain, silk,

How was trade conducted and what was being traded? From 600 - 1450, how was trade conducted (routes and methods) and what was being traded? How was trade conducted and what was being traded? Silk Roadssssssssssssss Trans-Saharan Trade Route Silent Trade (Western Africa) Ghana, Mali, Songhay connected to outside world Traded with Abbasid Empire Mali – Mansa Musa Causes inflation Indian Ocean Trade Routes Muslim merchants Foods Bananas (Africa/Malaysia), rice, citrus Luxury goods Silk, textiles, gems, slaves, porcelain Trade routes connected to major cities Timbuktu, Strait of Malacca, Swahili Coast, Technology Compass Impacts Black Death MIscegenation

Day 57: Rise of Islam, linguistic diffusion, and disease Day 57: Rise of Islam, linguistic diffusion, and disease. Pick 1 and explain its global impact. Try to pick 1 that challenges you.

Compare and Contrast the Umayyad and Abbasid Caliphates. Capital: Damascus Advanced into Europe until stopped in 722 by Charles Martel at the Battle of Tours Founded by Muawiyah Battle of Karbala solidifies Umayyyad rule Arab Exclusivity Increased women’s rights Capital and Intellectual Center: Baghdad Controlled southern Spain Fell to the Mongols in 1258 Expanded trade to East Asia (used dhows) Split into semi-autonomous regions (sultanates or “caliphates”) Abandoned Arab exclusivity (Mawali) Hindus designated at Dhimmi Fought against Europeans in Jerusalem (the Crusades) Arabic: Math/Science Persian: Literature SIMILARITIES: Controlled from North Africa over to eastern Persia (there was influence in India and Southern Spain) Religious tolerance: people of the book (Dhimmi) Increased trade across Indian ocean Proved to be more intellectual (science, math, lit) than Europeans – heavy tongued people (barbaric) Brought foreign technology to the west

Compare and Contrast the Umayyad and Abbasid Caliphates. Capital: Damascus Liked idea of expanding military and land Less tolerant Mawali were second class citizens Created Shia beliefs Rose after the death/assassination of Ali Treated women with respect PEOPLE OF THE BOOK – Dhimmi (Jewish, Christian) Territory: Middle East, Southern Mediterranean coast, Northern Africa, Southern Spain Came in conflict with Europe in 732 when they battled Charles Martel at the Battle of Tours Capital: Baghdad Liked the idea expanding knowledge More tolerant Mawali – non-Arab Muslims treated = Ruling class lived a life of luxury that made their rule ineffective (1001 Arabian Nights – Harun al-Rashid Adoption of HADITHS cause women’s status to decline as did the emergence of the harem Overthrew Umayyad Dhimmi (Jewish, Christian, Hindu) Strong trade connection with Africa (SWAHILI COAST) Territory: Middle East, Southern Mediterranean coast, Northern Africa, East Afrcia, Southern Spain, all the way to INDIA CRUSADES – 1099 - …. SIMILARITIES: Muslims Ruled through the lens of Islam and Arab culture Had to leave previous capital because of issues with corruption or safety Trade was vital to economic strength (textiles, coffee, eastern goods)

Day 55: Mongols: Why are they the exception? Egalitarian Conquered 11 million square miles in 25 years Ruled with 4 distinct empires following GK’s death Made peasants love him Promoted people based upon merit Mongols disappeared rather than being overpowered They didn’t spend substantial time making the empire unified Their military was faster than traditional methods of fighting Excellent at taking on new technology: siege warfare, gunpowder, ships 1) Reinvigorated cross-Eurasian trade 2) Increased communication of communication 3) Diffused cuisine (Rice in Persia) 4) Relocated people to bring culture 5) Incredibly tolerant Reasons they are bad 1) They sought to crush people 2) Their impact was brutal 3) Their empire didn’t last (gone from China and completely blended into Persian society) 4) Black Death 5) Not real artsy

Day 2: Describe the Polynesian and Bantu migrations and identify their significance. DESCRIPTION: From islands in south Pacific Spread to south, north, and east Went from island to island Left islands because of overpopulation or conflict or perhaps famine Maritime migration – over water Outrigger canoes (w sails) Reached FIJI around 1000 BCE Reached the coast of Africa and Hawaii Often described as a triangle: Hawaii, Easter Island, New Zealand Originated in present day Nigeria/Congo (north west-ish Africa) Moved throughout sub-Saharan Africa 1000 year long migration Migrated along bodies of water Migrated because of PERHAPS: Shifting geography (advance of the desert) Conflict Overpopulation SIGNIFICANCE: Brought plants and animals (flora/fauna diffusion) Linguistic diffusion They populated the Pacific islands They imported their own social structure to the islands they settled Bantu based languages Swahili Their arrival created conflict Agricultural diffusion Metallurgical diffusion

Day 2: Describe the Polynesian and Bantu migrations and identify their significance. DESCRIPTION: Origins in South Pacific Migrated by boat Conflict precipitated migration Overpopulation led to migration Crossed to south Pacific (island hopping) Due to drought, famine, population increase Nomadic herders developed and passed on iron metallurgy skills SIGNIFICANCE: Developed double hulled boats Brought plants and animals to places like Hawaii (pineapples and pigs) Brought mining practices to islands Transmitted culture Spread Bantu language to sub-Saharan Africa (Swahili) Brought agricultural; skllls Brought irrigation technology which was greatly needed

51: Copy the chart and create a thesis that COMP/CONT the content.

Day 50: Summarize the 3 categories and explain which was most important.

Day 49: List the characteristics of Islamic Caliphates, Feudalism & American (Maya) political structures and craft a COMP/CONT thesis. Step 1: LIST the Characteristics Step 2: Create the Question Step 3: Write the thesis!

48: Identify Continuity and Changes of State forms and interactions between the following Abbasid and Tang ABBASID – Located in Baghdad and radiated out from there, development of science and math (House of Wisdom), official language was Arabic (math/science) or Persian (literature) accepting of other religions and cultures (dhimmi, mawali), primarily Muslim, Theocracy/Aristocracy TANG – Westward expansion, paper, Religious issues (Buddhism – Empress WU of the Tang Dynasty), Agricultural stability until it was not, Mandate of Heaven, Dynastic Cycle, Civil Service Exam fixed (then messed up), Meritocracy, Confucianism, Grand Canal Mongol and Afro Eurasia Crusaders and Everyone

48: Identify Continuity and Changes of State forms and interactions between the following Abbasid and Tang ABBASID – EMPIRE, Centered around Islam, Long distance trade, Caliph, Strong central authority, tolerant to some people (mawali, dhimmi), intellectually strong (math, science) TANG – DYNASTY (Dynastic cycle, Mandate of Heaven), Centered around Confucianism, Military campaigns, CSE, Empress WuTANG (Buddhism), Lack of effective leadership, corrupted CSE, Excessive rebellions, Mongol and Afro Eurasia Crusaders and Everyone

Day 45: COPY the Chart. Rank the 4 topics from SIG (4) to MOST SIG (1) Day 45: COPY the Chart. Rank the 4 topics from SIG (4) to MOST SIG (1). Explain why you picked your #1

Day 44:Identify the CCOT regarding the role of women in terms of religion. Write a thesis. If you finish, write a body paragraph.

Day 43: COMP/CONT Land vs Sea Based Empires in a 3 Column Chart Day 43: COMP/CONT Land vs Sea Based Empires in a 3 Column Chart. Create a THESIS or an analytical statement