The Home Front

Working Women Many worked in heavy industry Many worked after they were married and after they were 35 years old. Rosie the Riveter- Motivated women to work Lasting effects- increase in women working even after the war ended.

Rosie the Riveter

African Americans Jobs during the war still remained segregated. A. Phillip Randolph- African Americans would no longer accept second class citizenship. Executive Order 8802- Ensured fair hiring practices and formed the Fair Employment Practices Committee to enforce the requirements. Nonviolent protests to make voices heard. Set the path for civil rights issues to come in the future.

6 million to work in industry league cartoon1 6 million to work in industry Baceros, Mexican workers brought to work in US 1.6 million Black families leave the South Speeded up the assimilation of ethnic groups into American society.

Population Shift The South And Southwest became growing cultural, social, economic and political force. Bracero Program- U.S. and Mexico partnership that brought Mexicans to work on American farms in the West. Though they helped with the war cause, many Mexican workers faced discrimination.

Migration Triggers Conflict Race riots become a problem as people start to migrate across the country. Detroit, Michigan was the worst with 34 people being killed. (A. Americans and Whites) Mexican Americans= Los Angeles Mexicans and Mexican Americans attacked by sailors and arrested.

Aliens Face Restrictions German, Italian, and Japanese aliens all faced restrictions, curfews, being arrested, deported or put in camps. Federal orders cause all 3 groups to vacate the West Coast in 1942. Germans and Italians eventually were removed from this list.

Japanese Internment Internment- Temporary imprisonment of members of a specific group. Japanese Americans were taken to camps all across the country, especially in the West. Families were forced to leave their homes, jobs, schools and lives to go to special camps where they would live for the duration of the war.

Korematsu v. United States- Supreme Court upheld the wartime policy. 1988- Government apologized and gave $20,000 to surviving victims. Not until 1943 could Japanese Americans join the military. 442nd Regimental Combat Team fought against the Italian campaign and became highly recognized.

EXECUTIVE ORDER 9066 Executive 9066

Executive 9066

Government Manages the Economy Rationing- Limiting the amount a person can buy of a certain good. Office of Price Administration- set wages and set maximum prices. Most people followed the rationing process. Others created a black market for goods.

Media Boosts Morale Office of War Information- worked with media to encourage support for the war effort. Tried to downplay problems with poverty and crime and racial tensions. Hollywood documentaries, radio and printing industries all tried to encourage war effort.