Effects of Exploration and Settlement in America and Europe Level 1 Effects of Exploration and Settlement in America and Europe For students using the basic note sheet from the lesson plan, have them use partner review for 30 seconds after each slide and then call on someone for a summary. Background pic: http://aventalearning.com/content168staging/2008AmHistA/unit1/html/section_3_page_1.html

Vocabulary Columbian Exchange: a global exchange of goods and ideas Cultural Diffusion: spread of ideas and goods from one culture to another Inflation: a rise in prices due to the increase of money available Magna Carta: a constitution that granted rights and liberties to the English in 1512 Catholic: follower of the Roman Catholic church led by the Pope Protestant: any Christian church that broke away from the Roman Catholic church during the Reformation or any descended from them Encomienda System: a labor system consisting of tributes and slave labor of the Native Americans under Spanish control in New Spain Absolute Monarchy: a monarchy that has no restrictions of power Constitutional Monarchy: limited monarchy

Essential Question What were the six major effects of European exploration?

Human-Induced Changes on the American Physical Environment Beavers were almost wiped out of upstate NY Beaver pelts were used for hats in Europe and were fashionable Forests were cleared of lumber for farming, heating, fuel, buildings, fences, furniture, household and industrial goods (barrels, butter churns, etc.) and thousands of more items Improved life in Europe because timber was scarce Note: for one family, until the cast iron stove was invented, it took 10-20 acres of woodland to heat them for one year! Connect to self: Ask students how they heat their homes today and what they think they will use in the future. Note: The historian John Opie notes: “[b]y 1850 Connecticut and Rhode Island had consumed 70 percent of their forests; Massachusetts, 60 percent; Vermont, 55 percent.” http://www.urban75.org/photos/new-forest/images/new-forest06.jpg http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Zpt0ClnbfCw/T7ms0cZLwgI/AAAAAAAAA64/bCjf4stt1bw/s1600/Beaver.jpg

Introduction of New diseases to the Human environment was Devastating Smallpox Influenza Typhus Measles Malaria Diphtheria Whooping cough Diseases wiped out entire Native American cultures www.sjsapush.com/ch1.php Pic: http://aapredbook.aappublications.org/content/1/SEC131/SEC260/F1806.large.jpg

New foods Improved Both European and Native American Health and Life Spans (Columbian Exchange) From Europe to the Americas From the Americas to Europe Onions Olives Turnips Coffee beans Peaches Pears Citrus fruits Grapes Bananas Sugar cane Honeybees Grains: wheat, rice, barley, oats Livestock: cattle, sheep, pigs, horses Squash Pumpkins Sweet potatoes Peppers Tobacco Turkeys Pineapples Cacao Beans Vanilla Peanuts Potatoes Tomatoes Corn Info: www.sjsapush.com/ch1.php http://eatmypeaches.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/Peach.jpeg http://static.guim.co.uk/sys-images/Education/Pix/pictures/2010/4/8/1270737001324/Some-cows-had-resting-tim-001.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Male_north_american_turkey_supersaturated.jpg/225px-Male_north_american_turkey_supersaturated.jpg http://cdn3.blogs.babble.com/being-pregnant/files/induction-methods/07-induction.jpg Connect to self: Ask students which of these foods is their favorite and why.

Colonial Population Growth Led to Unjust Acquisition of Native American Land As the colonies populations grew, more land was needed Indians were pushed off their land and were forced to invade other Indian’s territory which increased war between tribes This cycle will continue for years to come

Political Changes in the Balance of Power in Europe and the Americas England destroyed the Spanish Armada (navy) in 1588 in the English Channel and gave England supremacy of the sea English took over New Netherland and eventually New France Wars, many religious in nature between Protestants and Catholics in different nations, made England the dominant colonial power in the world http://www.wwnorton.com/college/history/worlds-together-worlds-apart3/ch/12/summary.aspx Critical thinking and enrichment: Ask students how governments today deal with economic issues and which ones are having difficulties with inflation.

Introduction of African Slaves into the Americas www.sjsapush.com/ch1.php http://www.slaverysite.com/Body/maps.htm New Spain: The Encomienda System: Slavery legal in New Spain 1542 outlawed enslaving Natives Importation of slaves from Africa began in order to increase the labor force Slaves worked in gold and silver mines, sugar plantations, and horse and sheep and cattle ranches

Review Questions What were the six major effects of European exploration? What impact did Europeans have on the physical environment? What was the human impact of the explorations? What was the Columbian Exchange? Give four examples of the exchange. Two from the Americas and two from Europe. How did the balance of power in Europe change? Before and after 1588.