Introduction to Verbs
Sentence Structure Basic English sentence structure is as follows: Subject – Verb – [Completer] Primary exception is questions (more later).
Sentence Structure Basic English sentence structure is as follows: Subject – Verb – [Completer] Primary exception is questions (more later). “[Completer]” The brackets [ ] means it is not always present (optional) If included, it includes a direct object (DO) and optionally an indirect object (IO), or a complement (C) Ex: I am gone. -> S-V Ex: I took the ball. -> S-V-DO Ex: The boy gave me the ball. -> S-V-IO-DO Ex: My friend is nice. -> S-V-C The specific form is controlled by the verb type and its meaning
Verbs “Verb + [completer]” gives information about the subject
Verbs “Verb + [completer]” gives information about the subject It may tell us about an action Tell us the subject did something - Active Voice John hit the ball. Tell us something happened to the subject - Passive Voice Barby was hit by the ball. It may tell us about an event It snowed last night. It may tell us about a state I love cookies. John doesn’t like cooked spinach. Making “Statements” – expressing facts, events, opinions, thoughts, desires, etc. about the subject
Verbs “Verb + [completer]” gives information about the subject We may try to get information about the subject – asking questions Was Mary home last night? Did you have a second cup of tea? Who ate the last cookie? What time did you get home last night? Asking Questions – seeking information about the subject Note the word order variations
Verbs Giving commands, advice, etc to the subject “Verb + [completer]” gives information about the subject It may: Be a command or warning to the subject Ex: Go home, but be careful when crossing the street. Express a desire to the subject Ex: Give me some coffee, please. In both cases it is usually to the person spoken to; that is, the understood subject is “you” Giving commands, advice, etc to the subject
Verbs Providing information about the subject “Verb + [completer]” gives information about the subject It may be a link, relating the subject to additional information, such as A description (adjective) of the subject Mary is kind and gentle. A thing or state (noun) characterizing the subject Joann is an excellent teacher. Joann is very happy. A place, time, etc. (adverb) Joann is early. Providing information about the subject
Jeremiah 9:23-24 This is what the Lord says: “Let not the wise man gloat in his wisdom, or the mighty man in his might, or the rich man in his riches. Let them boast in this alone: that they truly know me and understand that I am the Lord who is just and righteous, whose love is unfailing, and that I delight in these things. I, the Lord, have spoken. statement; command/advice; link; question
Jeremiah 9:23-24 This is what the Lord says: “Let not the wise man gloat in his wisdom, or the mighty man in his might, or the rich man in his riches. Let them boast in this alone: that they truly know me and understand that I am the Lord who is just and righteous, whose love is unfailing, and that I delight in these things. I, the Lord, have spoken. statement; command/advice; link; question
Sentence Structure Basic English sentence structure is as follows: Subject – Verb – [Completer] Primary exception is questions (more later). “[Completer]” The brackets [ ] means it is not always required (optional) If included, it includes a direct object (DO) and optionally an indirect object (IO), or a complement (C) Ex: I am gone. -> S-V Ex: I took the ball. -> S-V-DO Ex: The boy gave me the ball. -> S-V-IO-DO Ex: My friend is nice. -> S-V-C The specific form is controlled by the verb type and its meaning
Verbs “Verb + [completer]” gives information about the subject It may tell us about an action Tell us the subject did something John hit the ball. Tell us something happened to the subject Barby was hit by the ball. It may tell us about an event It snowed last night. It may tell us about a state I love cookies. Making “Statements” – expressing facts, events, opinions, thoughts, desires, etc. about the subject
Verbs “Verb + [completer]” gives information about the subject We may try to get information about the subject – asking questions Was Mary home last night? (V-S) Did you have a second cup of tea? (V-S-V) Who ate the last cookie? (S-V) What time did you get home last night? (V-S-V) Asking Questions – seeking information about the subject Note the word order variations
Verbs Giving commands, advice, etc to the subject “Verb + [completer]” gives information about the subject It may: Be a command or warning to the subject Ex: Go home, but be careful when crossing the street. Express a desire to the subject Ex: Give me some coffee, please. In both cases it is usually to the person spoken to; that is, the understood subject is “you” Giving commands, advice, etc to the subject
Verbs Providing information about the subject “Verb + [completer]” gives information about the subject It may be a link, relating the subject to additional information, such as A description (adjective) of the subject Mary is kind and gentle. A thing or state (noun) characterizing the subject Joann is an excellent teacher. Joann is very happy. A place, time, etc. (adverb) Joann is early. Providing information about the subject
Jeremiah 9:23-24 This is what the Lord says: “Let not the wise man gloat in his wisdom, or the mighty man in his might, or the rich man in his riches. Let them boast in this alone: that they truly know me and understand that I am the Lord who is just and righteous, whose love is unfailing, and that I delight in these things. I, the Lord, have spoken. Just -> guided by truth, reason, & fairness Righteous -> characterized by doing what is right or moral statement; command/advice; link; question