BATTERY

Purpose of the Battery… provides the electrical power needed to start the engine powers the starter motor and ignition & fuel system

BATTERY Converts chemical energy into electrical energy. Stores energy Starts engine, operates accessories (only when engine is not running) Automotive battery is 12.6 volts

Purpose of the Battery… once the engine is started, the alternator (generator) provides all the electrical energy for the ignition system, computers, lights, radio, horn and other accessories alternator converts mechanical energy (belt-driven pulley) to electrical energy

Important info about automotive batteries… they converts chemical energy into electrical energy they produce 12.6 volts 6 individual cells produce 2.1 volts each. (a reading of .2 volts difference between cells means battery should be replaced) they cost approximately $50 to $120 battery warranties range from 3 to 6 years average battery life expectancy is 3 to 6 years battery power is rated in cold cranking amps or CCA’s

Batteries give off hydrogen gas thru vents in the top of the battery Battery Safety Batteries contain a liquid called electrolyte which contains sulphuric acid You must be careful not to splash the electrolyte in your eyes or get it on your skin! Batteries give off hydrogen gas thru vents in the top of the battery Keep sparks & flames away from the battery!!!

BATTERY Two posts – Negative (Ground/black); Positive (Power/red) Top post battery Side post battery Maintenance-free Maintenance

BATTERY During charging, battery produces Hydrogen. Electrolyte is lost during charging Only water vaporizes Add water (distilled) If you are contantly having to add water your battery is Overcharging ! Specific gravity of a battery is checked with a hydrometer. Water if specific gravity is 1.000 Electrolyte if specific gravity is 1.275 ***Do not let electrolyte to come in contact with clothes or skin Wear proper eye protection when working with or around battery.

BATTERY RATING 20 hours rate amount of current a battery can deliver for 20 hrs. without cell voltage dropping below 1.75 volts. Cold Cranking Rating how much current a battery can deliver for 30 seconds at 0°F while maintaining terminal voltage of 7.2 volts. Reserve Capacity time required to reduce voltage of a battery from 12.6 volts to 10.2, when sustained load of 25 Amps is applied at 80ºF. ** Battery is discarded if voltage drops less then 9.6 volts.

BATTERY TEST LOAD TEST Load to three times the amps/hour rating for 15 seconds or Load half of CCA for 15 seconds If battery is good, voltage should stay above 9.6 volts.

BATTERY TEST If Load Test Fails 3 Minutes Charge Test If load test is failed, charge at high rate (50 Amps) for three minutes Checking voltage at completion (while still charging) Good battery >> Less than 15.5 Volts

Battery Drain Test If battery is draining over night, you need to perform a battery drain test Remove –ve terminal Hook DVOM or test light in series with the post/terminal. With everything off, no light on/voltage reading. If light on/getting voltage reading, battery is being drained. Isolate the circuit by pulling one fuse at a time.

Voltage Drop Test Quick check to find if terminals needs cleaning: Measure voltage drop across post to terminal Crank the engine (disable Fuel/ignition) While cranking, if reading over 0.5V indicates terminal cleaning. MAXIMUM 15 seconds

Battery Service When installing the terminals, use Expander to expand the terminals, DON’T use hammer.

Removing Battery Disconnect Negative (-) terminal first Connect Positive (+) terminal first Use proper puller, not Screwdriver Clean terminals/posts with Or with baking soda mixed with warm water

Servicing & Safe Battery Handling Wear eye protection!!! First step in a battery service… 1. Disconnect & clean battery terminals and posts always remove negative first, then positive Negative is usually black or marked with – and it connects to ground Positive is usually red or marked with + and it connects to the starter motor or starter relay

Preserving memory presets… to retain your radio station presets & ensure there aren’t any security system related difficulties following the battery service, you can use a… memory saver

replace any bolt/nut, terminal or cable if damaged using new parts…

Use gloves when servicing batteries…

b) always reinstall positive first, then negative remember: NPPN ensure the terminals cannot be moved by hand coat the terminals with spray paint or terminal protector to reduce further corrosion

Step 2 in Battery Service… 2. Check the electrolyte level in each cell some vent caps are not removable – the electrolyte should cover the plates add water if needed, but do not overfill!

fill cells slowly - normally, very little water is required!

Step 3 in Battery Service 3) use a rag & clean the top of the battery so current won’t leak between the terminals

2. Connect the battery charger cables. Battery Charging 1. Service the battery. 2. Connect the battery charger cables. (red to positive, black to negative) 3. Set the charge rate to LOW. 4. Set the timer to 60 minutes. 5. Plug the charger in. monitor battery temperature by placing your hand on the case – if it gets too hot, turn off the charger – the battery may be defective!

Unhooking the Battery Charger 1. Unplug the charger!!! 2. Disconnect the cables. 3. Check the battery’s voltage. (should be 12 volts)

To test a battery you will use the VAT-40 to perform a load test Battery Testing To test a battery you will use the VAT-40 to perform a load test load test tells us if the battery can deliver the power needed to start the engine before you perform a load test… service the battery ensure the battery is fully charged (12 volts) to do this, connect a voltmeter {+ to +, - to -} if the voltage is <12 volts, it will have to be charged

Alternator Testing Check the belt tension (≈1/2” or 13mm slack) 2. Are the wires on the back of the alternator corroded, loose or burned?

Jump Starting a Battery Connect the jumper cables in this order… connect positive to positive connect negative to ground Ground is any solid, unpainted metal part such as the frame or a bracket that is bolted to the engine start the engine use a battery charger to recharge the dead battery Do not allow the clamps to touch each other Do not jump the battery if you suspect there is a fuel leak

How to properly jump a car battery Red from dead to red. Black from good to under the hood.

Battery Drain Test If battery is draining over night, you need to perform a battery drain test Remove –ve terminal Hook DVOM or test light in series with the post/terminal. With everything off, no light on/voltage reading. If light on/getting voltage reading, battery is being drained. Isolate the circuit by pulling one fuse at a time.

Voltage Drop Test Quick check to find if terminals needs cleaning: Measure voltage drop across post to terminal Crank the engine (disable Fuel/ignition) While cranking, if reading over 0.5V indicates terminal cleaning. MAXIMUM 15 seconds