Brain Functions and 6 Classes of Nutrients Review Sports Medicine 1 Semester 2 Final

Brain Functions 1 Midbrain – visual and auditory reflexes Pons – controls certain respiratory functions (breathing) Medulla oblongata – regulates heart & lung functions (BP and respiration), swallowing, vomiting, coughing, sneezing. Cerebellum – coordinates voluntary musculoskeletal movements like balance, posture, and muscle tone. Cerebrum – largest part of the brain Brain Functions 1

Frontal lobe – moral behavior, voluntary motor movement, personality, memory, reasoning, emotion. Parietal lobe – controls and interprets senses and taste, understanding speech, choosing words Temporal lobe – memory, equilibrium, emotion, hearing, memory of music and visual scenes. Occipital lobe – vision, interpretation Diencephalon – relay center for sensations, heart rate, BP, temperature regulation, water and electrolyte balance, digestive functions, glandular activities. Brain Functions 2

6 Classes for Nutrients 1 Carbohydrates Protein Fats Principle energy source Stored in liver as glycogen Simple or complex Protein Required for tissue repair and growth Not a good source of energy Amino acids Fats Most concentrated form of energy Good for healthy skin and hair, insulation, store fat soluble vitamins Saturated or unsaturated 6 Classes for Nutrients 1

6 Classes for Nutrients 2 Vitamins Minerals Water Water soluble – supplements like C and B complex Fat soluble – stored in fat and liver like A, D, E, K No necessary for athlete Minerals Calcium – build bones and teeth Sodium – regulates muscle contraction Iron – formation of hemoglobin Water Essential to life Controls body temperature Elimination of metabolic waste product 6 Classes for Nutrients 2