Agenda: -Ga’s Prehistory Warm Up: Class Instructions: Managers get folder. Get out your VOCABULARY and Pre-Reading sheet from yesterday. **SUPPLY MANAGERS- IT IS YOUR JOB TO PLACE HANDOUTS FOR ABSENT STUDENTS IN THE MAKE UP WORK AREA. Tuesday, August 26th Warm Up: Take a few minutes to finish up your vocab/pre-reading activity from yesterday. Agenda: -Ga’s Prehistory

Georgia’s Prehistory

Vocabulary Review Archeologists ______________ dig in the earth to find artifacts that will tell us something about early inhabitants ______________ groups of people who believe themselves related by blood ______________ a type of rock that is formed in successive layers and can encase fossils of animals ______________ the science of cultivating plants and trees. ______________ poetry, shards, weapons, tools, jewelry, fossils or any items that were made by people ______________ people who use artifacts along with cave drawings, well-traveled pathways, and oral history to study the culture. ______________ to trade or exchange goods and services without the use of money ______________ describes the beliefs, traditions, music, art, and social institutions of a group of people who share common experiences. ______________ ancient relics Clan Shale Horticulture Artifacts Anthropologist Barter Economy culture Antiquities

How is the concept of supply and demand present in a Barter Economy? Any item could be a medium of exchange because someone would need or want or need it. The more people wanted or needed an item, the higher its value.

GEORGIA'S PRE-HISTORY SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.

Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian) prior to European contact. Prior to 11,000 B.C., there was a frozen land bridge between Asia and North America referred to now as Beringia. 11,000 B.C. 8000 B.C. 1000 B.C. 900 A.D. 1600 A.D. 2000 A.D. PALEO-INDIAN ARCHAIC WOODLAND MISSISSIPPIAN SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.

Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian) prior to European contact. Many followed herds of buffalo and mammoth across the Beringia land bridge into North America. 11,000 B.C. 8000 B.C. 1000 B.C. 900 A.D. 1600 A.D. 2000 A.D. PALEO-INDIAN ARCHAIC WOODLAND MISSISSIPPIAN SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.

Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian) prior to European contact. Eventually, the earth warmed, Beringia melted, and Asia and America were separated by the Bering Sea. 11,000 B.C. 8000 B.C. 1000 B.C. 900 A.D. 1600 A.D. 2000 A.D. PALEO-INDIAN ARCHAIC WOODLAND MISSISSIPPIAN SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.

Reading Guide During the last Ice Age, the sea level was much lower than it is today. Scientists believe that a connected and across what is now the Bering Strait in search of How did early civilizations communicate stories and history? Even though there are not written records of what these natives did while living here, have dug up many that help us understand the prehistoric Americans. How can archaeologists tell how old a prehistoric site is? The prehistoric natives are divided into four , based on the lifestyles they lived and the advancements they made. The four eras are , , , and ??? Why do we call these eras “prehistory?” ____________________________________________________________________ land bridge Asia America animals for food. Since there was no system of writing, they used oral tradition archeologists artifacts native They know when particular tools, weapons or pottery found were used. They also use a the carbon 14 test. All living things have radioactive carbon that is lost at a known rate when a plant or animal dies. This test tells how much carbon is left, which gives them an age. cultures Paleo Archaic Woodlands Mississippians

Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian) prior to European contact. The difference between history and pre-history is the presence of writing and writing records. Pre-history, therefore, is history before the existence of written records. SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.

Ecofacts – Natural relics, such as sharks teeth, bones, fossils, etc. Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian) prior to European contact. Because there have no written records, historians are not 100% certain about the pre-historic past. There are many clues, however, such as: Artifacts – Man-made relics, such as arrowheads, pottery, cave markings, etc. Ecofacts – Natural relics, such as sharks teeth, bones, fossils, etc. SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.

http://www.gpb.org/georgiastories/story/archaeology

Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian) prior to European contact. Georgia's pre-historic past is divided into four major periods (try to use the acronym P.A.W.M. to help you remember): P A 1. Paleo-Indian Period (11,000 – 8000 B.C.) W M 2. Archaic Period (8000 – 1000 B.C.) 3. Woodland Period (1000 B.C. – 900 A.D.) 4. Mississippian Period (900 – 1600 A.D.) SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.

OBAMA ELECTED PRESIDENT MOSES LEADS ISRAEL OUT OF EGYPT Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian) prior to European contact. OBAMA ELECTED PRESIDENT ANCIENT ROME FOUNDED COLUMBUS DISCOVERS AMERICA MOSES LEADS ISRAEL OUT OF EGYPT NOAH'S FLOOD JESUS 11,000 B.C. 8000 B.C. 1000 B.C. 900 A.D. 1600 A.D. 2000 A.D. PALEO-INDIAN ARCHAIC WOODLAND MISSISSIPPIAN PRESENT-DAY Notice some of the great events in world history that occurred while Georgia was still in it's pre-historic periods. SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.

Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian) prior to European contact. Georgia's first pre-historic Native American tradition was called the PALEO-INDIAN. 11,000 B.C. 8000 B.C. 1000 B.C. 900 A.D. 1600 A.D. 2000 A.D. PALEO-INDIAN ARCHAIC WOODLAND SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.

Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian) prior to European contact. The Paleo-Indians, unable to return to Asia, dispersed throughout North America. 11,000 – 8,000 BCE 11,000 B.C. 8000 B.C. 1000 B.C. 900 A.D. 1600 A.D. 2000 A.D. PALEO-INDIAN ARCHAIC WOODLAND MISSISSIPPIAN SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.

Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian) prior to European contact. The Paleo-Indians were nomads, constantly on the move as they hunted large game. 11,000 B.C. 8000 B.C. 1000 B.C. 900 A.D. 1600 A.D. 2000 A.D. PALEO-INDIAN ARCHAIC WOODLAND MISSISSIPPIAN SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.

Dwellings and Lifestyle: Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian) prior to European contact. Dwellings and Lifestyle: Nomadic hunters and gatherers Lived in small groups of 25-50 Homes made of animal skins Lived near water (Savannah, Ocmulgee and Flint Rivers) 11,000 B.C. 8000 B.C. 1000 B.C. 900 A.D. 1600 A.D. 2000 A.D. PALEO-INDIAN ARCHAIC WOODLAND MISSISSIPPIAN SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.

Large game (aka Megafauna) woolly mammoth Bison Sloth Mastodons Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian) prior to European contact. Food: Large game (aka Megafauna) woolly mammoth Bison Sloth Mastodons Berries and nut SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.

Clovis Point, a large point attached to a spear Knives Scrapers Atlatl Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian) prior to European contact. Weapons and Tools: Clovis Point, a large point attached to a spear Knives Scrapers Atlatl SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.

http://www.gpb.org/georgiastories/story/primitive_technology

Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian) prior to European contact. Georgia's next pre-historic Native American tradition was called the ARCHAIC. 8,000 - 1,000 BCE 11,000 B.C. 8000 B.C. 1000 B.C. 900 A.D. 1600 A.D. 2000 A.D. PALEO-INDIAN ARCHAIC WOODLAND MISSISSIPPIAN SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.

Dwellings and Lifestyle: Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian) prior to European contact. Dwellings and Lifestyle: Nomads that moved with seasons to find food Lived in Camps Made pottery Evidence of trade with groups outside the state. The oldest pottery found in America was Archaic pottery found near Augusta, Georgia. SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.

Hooks and nets for fishing Drills Tools of stone and bone Choppers Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian) prior to European contact. Weapons and Tools: Grooved axe Hooks and nets for fishing Drills Tools of stone and bone Choppers Atlatl (missile launcher) SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.

(deer, turkey, bear, rabbits. etc.). Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian) prior to European contact. (deer, turkey, bear, rabbits. etc.). Food: Deer Bear Turkey Rabbits Fruit Berries and Nuts Snakes Fish SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.

Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian) prior to European contact. Georgia's next pre-historic Native American tradition was called the WOODLAND. 1,000 BCE – 750 CE 11,000 B.C. 8000 B.C. 1000 B.C. 900 A.D. 1600 A.D. 2000 A.D. PALEO-INDIAN ARCHAIC WOODLAND MISSISSIPPIAN SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.

First to farm as a major source of food Fish Animals Berries and Nuts Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian) prior to European contact. Food: First to farm as a major source of food Fish Animals Berries and Nuts Squash Greens Depended on Corn SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.

http://www.gpb.org/georgiastories/story/green_corn_native_american_gold

Dwelling and Lifestyle: Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian) prior to European contact. Dwelling and Lifestyle: Farming allowed them to stay in one place (not nomadic like the others) Developed small villages and tribes Homes of wood Cook fires inside huts Trade with other peoples. Artifacts found in Georgia from other parts of America, such as Ohio and Michigan, suggest that the Woodlands began to trade with other peoples. SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.

Developed the Bow and Arrow Elaborate pottery. Stone and shark tooth Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian) prior to European contact. Weapons and Tools: Developed the Bow and Arrow Elaborate pottery. Stone and shark tooth Deer Antlers Knives SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.

Built ceremonial and burial mounds Funeral Items Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian) prior to European contact. Evidence of Religion: Built ceremonial and burial mounds Funeral Items Rock Eagle Mount ARCHAIC SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.

Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian) prior to European contact. Georgia's last and most advanced pre-historic Native American tradition was called the MISSISSIPPIAN. 800CE – 1600CE 11,000 B.C. 8000 B.C. 1000 B.C. 900 A.D. 1600 A.D. 2000 A.D. PALEO-INDIAN ARCHAIC WOODLAND MISSISSIPPIAN SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.

Dwellings and Lifestyle: Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian) prior to European contact. Dwellings and Lifestyle: Chiefdom society (hierarchical society w/ few elite and mostly commoners) First to come into contact with Europeans Mound towns with dome shaped huts Advanced farmers SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.

Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian) prior to European contact. (William Powell's Discovery of the Mississipi by De Soto, A. D. 1541 ) SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.

Food: Maize Beans Pumpkin Squash Harvested Crops Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian) prior to European contact. Food: Maize Beans Pumpkin Squash Harvested Crops SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.

Weapons and Tools: Shovels (digging sticks) Bow and arrow Spears Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian) prior to European contact. Weapons and Tools: Shovels (digging sticks) Bow and arrow Spears Knives Axes Stone and bone hoes Moats Guard Towers SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.

Built enormous ceremonial mounds (ex., Etowah). Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian) prior to European contact. Religion: Built enormous ceremonial mounds (ex., Etowah). Practices sophisticated religious beliefs Priests Temple Mounds SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.

What do you remember about… Georgia's pre-historic traditions??? Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian) prior to European contact. What do you remember about… Georgia's pre-historic traditions??? 1. Most ancient pre-historic tradition A. Paleo-Indian A D 2. Known as the great mound builders B. Archaic C 3. Invented the bow & arrow C. Woodland A 4. Hunted large game with a clovis point D. Mississippian C 5. The first farmers B 6. Developed the atlatl to help hunt smaller game D 7. The most advanced tradition; ruled by chiefs B 8. The first fishermen; also began to gather nuts & berries SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.

ENDURING UNDERSTANDINGS: Based off of what you know regarding Georgia's pre-historic Native American traditions, how did the MOVEMENT and MIGRATION of the Native American peoples affect their societies and cultures??? SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.

Acknowledgements Hodge, Cathy M. Time Travel Through Georgia. Athens, GA: WesMar Incorporated DBA/Voyager Publications, 2005. Marsh, Carol. The Georgia Experience: 8th Grade Social Studies Teachers Edition Student Workbook. Peachtree City, GA: Gallopade International, 2008.