From Bespoke to Standard Solid State Mass Memories Aitor Viana Sánchez Data Handling Systems ESTEC, 27th Oct 2009 CCSDS Fall Meeting - 2009

Outline Solid State Mass Memories discussion What to standardize SOIS standard SSMM Summary CCSDS Fall Meeting - 2009

Solid State Mass Memories discussion It should be possible to develop a SSMM as a standard building block capable of being used for multiple missions, but: For maximum architectural flexibility, a relatively low level interface should be defined to the SMMM Unfortunately this is often implemented with a proprietary data link layer, network file and packet access protocols, and services This means that the required software to access the SSMM has to be defined, developed and validated for each mission CCSDS Fall Meeting - 2009

SSMM Traditional Design OBC Apps Bespoke File Access and Packet Store Services Bespoke Network File Access Protocol File Access Services Packet Access Services Network File Access Protocol Physical Transport Services Bespoke Transport Services (data link layer and protocol) File Store Physical Transport Services Mass Memory Mass Memory Network File Access Protocol Packet Store System File System Bespoke Memory Access Protocol Memory Access Protocol CCSDS Fall Meeting - 2009

SSMM Traditional Design The SSMM services change from design to design The SSMM services provided from the SSMM to operate with the files, i.e. open, read, write, lock, etc. may vary a lot from unit to unit. The SSMM services implementation change from unit to unit Even standardizing the services it is possible to implement them with many different APIs. It might be probably helpful to establish a common API The SSMM data link change from unit to unit There is the need to standardize the way the information is transferred between the entities (SSMM and OBC, payloads, etc) The SSMM memory access protocol change from unit to unit Wherever the File System is located, local to the OBC or remote in the SSMM, there is an access protocol from the FS to the memory devices. The standardization of this protocol is also standardize (i.e. Serial-ATA) would allow to exchange also the memory technology without any problem. To provide a SSMM building block that can be used reused for multiple missions all these interfaces need to be standardized. CCSDS Fall Meeting - 2009

SSMM Standard SOIS Design Standardization of the SSMM services The standardization of the SSMM services is provided using the File Access Service (FAS), File Management Service (FMS), File Transfer Service (FTS) and Packet Store Services (PSS) The Network File System Protocol specifies the way the file system or packet store system are accessed. The suite of command/response sequences used to perform the operations specified in the SOIS services. SOIS does not define any NFSP nor recommend any but shall be implemented within FAS, FMS and FTS and might differ from unit to unit CCSDS Fall Meeting - 2009

SSMM Standard SOIS Design Standardization of the SSMM services The standardization of the SSMM services is provided using the File Access Service (FAS), File Management Service (FMS), File Transfer Service (FTS) and Packet Store Services (PSS) The Network File System Protocol specifies the way the file system or packet store system are accessed. The suite of command/response sequences used to perform the operations specified in the SOIS services. SOIS does not define any NFSP nor recommend any but shall be implemented within FAS, FMS and FTS and might differ from unit to unit Should the Network File System Protocol be specified or recommended within SOIS?? CCSDS Fall Meeting - 2009

SSMM Standard SOIS Design (cont’d) The SSMM services standardization OBC Standardize File Access and Packet Store Services Apps FAS FMS FTS Network File Access Protocol Physical Transport Services File Store Physical Transport Services Mass Memory Mass Memory Network File Access Protocol Packet Store System File System CCSDS Fall Meeting - 2009 Memory Access Protocol

SSMM Standard SOIS Design (cont’d) The SSMM services standardization OBC The SOIS FSPS standardize the user interface towards the SSMM but still lots of changes would be necessary in the Network File System Protocol to adapt to all possible different data link implementations for different SSMM units Apps FAS FMS FTS Network File Access Protocol Physical Transport Services File Store Physical Transport Services Mass Memory Mass Memory Network File Access Protocol Packet Store System File System CCSDS Fall Meeting - 2009 Memory Access Protocol

SSMM Standard SOIS Design (cont’d) Network File System Protocol Under the RASTA SSMM activity a custom NFSP has been developed and some useful findings came out The developed protocol is a command-response protocol as File Operations requires confirmation (ACK) for all services 1024 bytes SDU size was selected but up to 8KB may be used under Spacewire The physical link used may be both Eth and Spacewire Ethernet case (Spacewire may be extrapolated) The protocol overhead is 90%. This protocol overhead is not only due to the protocol headers but the way the operating system handles the internal resources (context switch, interrupt service routines, etc.) To ensure the results test with netperf tool have been performed “netperf” does not do anything with the data CCSDS Fall Meeting - 2009

SSMM Standard SOIS Design (cont’d) Network File System Protocol (cont’d) Test has been performed for: UDP_RR: send one packet and waits for ACK for sending next one UDP_STREAM: best effort sending (no ACKs) TCP_STREAM: like UDP_RR but using TCP window TCP_RR: like TCP_STREAM without sending window (like UDP_RR but using TCP) Link speed 1000Mbps 100 Mbps 10 Mbps UDP_RR 18.64 Mbps 24.24 Mbps 2.08 Mbps UDP_STREAM 961 Mbps 95.80 Mbps 9.75 Mbps TCP_RR 18.3 Mbps 24 Mbps TCP_STREAM 940 Mbps 93.68 Mbps 9.4 Mbps CCSDS Fall Meeting - 2009

SSMM Standard SOIS Design (cont’d) Standardization of the Data Link Layer SOIS FPSS maps down to the SOIS Packet Service (PS) and SOIS Memory Access Services (MAS), but the introduction of the SOIS Subnetwork services does not standardize the Data Link layer protocol. For that we need to agree the way the data is transferred through the physical bus. Thus, all the SOIS Subnetwork services will map down with the ECSS extension protocols ECSS CAN (ECSS-E-ST-50-15) ECSS MIL-STD-1553 (ECSS-E-ST-50-13C) ECSS Spacewire (TBD) CCSDS Fall Meeting - 2009

SSMM Standard SOIS Design (cont’d) The SSMM data link standardization OBC Apps SOIS FPSS Network File Access Protocol Standardize Transport Services (data link layer and protocol) MAS PS ECSS SpW ECSS CAN ECSS 1553 Physical Transport Services Physical Transport Services File Store Standardize Transport Services (data link layer and protocol) ECSS extension protocols SOIS Subnetwork Services Mass Memory Mass Memory Network File Access Protocol Packet Store System File System Memory Access Protocol CCSDS Fall Meeting - 2009

SSMM Standard SOIS Design (cont’d) The SSMM data link standardization OBC Apps The SOIS Subnetwork MAS and PS services mapped down to the ECSS bus extension protocols fully standardize both the data link layer and data link protocol. SSMM units complying with this approach become reusable building blocks SOIS FPSS Network File Access Protocol MAS PS ECSS SpW ECSS CAN ECSS 1553 Physical Transport Services Physical Transport Services File Store Standardize Transport Services (data link layer and protocol) ECSS extension protocols SOIS Subnetwork Services Mass Memory Mass Memory Network File Access Protocol Packet Store System File System Memory Access Protocol CCSDS Fall Meeting - 2009

SSMM Standard SOIS Design (cont’d) Standardization of the Memory Access Out of the SOIS scope The file system (or packet store) interfaces to the memory devices by means of a Memory Access Protocol (MAP). This MAP has not being standardize for space usage but examples might be take from commercial world, i.e. Serial-ATA Standardizing this protocol will de-couple the SSMM design from the memory device technology (RAM, Flash, Solid-state drives, etc.). CCSDS Fall Meeting - 2009

SSMM Standard SOIS Design (cont’d) The SSMM Memory Access standardization OBC Apps SOIS FPSS Network File Access Protocol SOIS Subnetwork Services ECSS SpW ECSS CAN ECSS 1553 Physical Transport Services Physical Transport Services File Store ECSS extension protocols SOIS Subnetwork Services Mass Memory Mass Memory Standardize Memory Access Protocol Network File Access Protocol Packet Store System File System i.e. Serial-ATA CCSDS Fall Meeting - 2009

Summary SSMM should become standard building blocks to be reused for multiple missions SOIS assists in the standardization process by providing: SOIS File and Packet Store Services standardize the SSMM services Standard Network File System Protocol (TBC) ? SOIS sub-network Packet and Memory Access Services standardize the Data link ECSS bus extension protocols also standardize the data link transfer protocol Outside the scope of CCSDS SOIS, the memory access protocol used by the to the file system (or packet store system) to access the memory devices could also be standardized, making the SSMM independent from the memory technology being used CCSDS Fall Meeting - 2009