PLANNING RESILIENT URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE National Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction (NPDRR) May 16-17 2017 Alpa Sheth

HAZARDS ARE CONSTANTLY BEING RESHAPED BY…

Urbanisation

Climate Change

Environmental degradation

New growth Industries

#4 Substantially reduce damage and increase resilience to critical infrastructure esp. health and educational facilities

THINKING, FAST AND SLOW FOR DISASTER RESPONSE FOR DISASTER RISK REDUCTION

RISKS KNOWN KNOWN KNOWN UNKNOWN UNKNOWN UNKNOWN

BHOPAL 1984 GAS TRAGEDY POP. 1.75M UTTARAKHAND 2013 LANDSLIDES SRINAGAR 2014 FLOODS 1.2 M 7M CHENNAI 2015 FLOODS AHMEDABAD 2001 EQ. 5.5 M NAGAPATTINAM 2004 TSUNAMI 1.6 M KU UU KU UU KK KK

BY 2050, 60% INDIANS IN CITIES. HAZARDOUS LOCATIONS POOR CONSTRUCTION UNCHECKED GROWTH

DISCONNECT BETWEEN POLICY AND OPERATIONS

Environment Impact Study? 350 m width narrowed to 275m NIH AND IITR report says incorrect capacity calculations Flooding.

Post 2012 fire Mumbai Mantralaya refurbished for over Rs. 200 crores But no seismic retrofit

RISK PERCEPTION DRR INITIATIVES

financial resources * infrastructure * capacity to manage growth B & C TIER CITIES- CHALLENGES FOR RESILIENCE POOR financial resources * infrastructure * capacity to manage growth

Plan development in a robust and rigorous manner Provide safe, affordable infrastructure & services Regulate building design and construction Regulate hazardous activities

Influence land availability & construction methods Encourage community actions towards risk reduction; Provide adequate disaster preparedness and response systems incl early warning systems

IDENTIFYING CRITICAL SYSTEMS Urban infrastructure - water, sanitation, energy, communications and transportation systems to be developed on a robust design that builds on investments in risk information, strategic communication, cross-sectoral coordination, and a well-planned response and recovery strategy.

CRITICAL SYSTEMS TO FAIL GRACEFULLY

APPROACH TO RISKS NEEDS TO.. Be robust but flexible to unknown and uncertain risks rather than “fixed, optimal engineering approach” Avoid being locked in financing large-scale investments that might prove obsolete with change in future risks

RISK AUDIT BY SDMA IN ALL DEPARTMENTS FOR MAINSTREAMING OF DRR, ESPECIALLY IN UDD AND MCs “EMBEDDING” DRR expert in UDD and MCs

Tools for Urban Resilience Risk Assessment Risk-Based Land Use Planning Urban Ecosystem Management Urban Upgrading Community and Stakeholder Participation Disaster Management Systems Data Gathering, Analysis and Application Risk Financing and Transfer Approaches.