Acceleration of Biomass Transition Aris Blankenspoor Pitch Springtij, September, 2016

Maasvlakte Power Plant 3 (MPP3) Output > 1100 MW Efficiency: 47% CO2-footprint reduction: 20 -30% Ramp up speed: 55 MW per min. Facilitates volatile windpower

CO2 www.energyhubwest.nl °C Heat Hard coal Biomass Industry Steam Power Green houses CO2 Power grid CO2-storage www.energyhubwest.nl

Future potential of a Bio-based industry TNO: The fossil dilemma of Rotterdam; Don’t become the next Detroit Urgenda: 60% biomass; Bio-based economy; PoR green feedstock-roundabout; 5 biomass plants on “bio-coal” and 13 biogas plants Economic Affairs: CO2 reduction ~80% by 2050; degasification; industrial heat; bio-based economy Energy-Nederland: 50% CO2 reduction by 2030 Rein Willems: Action plan Rotterdam/Moerdijk; from linear fossil economy towards a circular bio-based economy; optimization and modernization Port of Rotterdam: 40-hectare site, dedicated to facilitate the further growth of the renewable industry “Bio Based Cluster”

Future potential of a Bio-based industry It’s not just about energy Non-food biomass feedstock will play an increasingly important role in our economy Bio based economy Sun Biomass Natural resources Oil Fuels, chemicals CO2 photosynthesis (neutral) incineration geological process < year Energy Energy, plastics, chemicals, cosmetics and medicines 1) Bron: http://www.duurzaambedrijfsleven.nl oil refining

Business case: integrated Bio-refinery & Maasvlakte Power Plant ROAD (CCS / CCU) Uniper Bio-refinery Corbion CO2 Steam 2G sugars Lactic acid / Bio-plastic PLA ~70% Hydrolysis - Thermal - Mechanical - Biochemical ~60% Fermentation Back- up Power & utilities Power ~100% MPP Heat Lignin Lignin ~30% ~0% “upgrading” “future development” 100% Biomass (2G) Create liquidity Biomass (2G) Roles of partners: Corbion has the ambition to take off a considerable amount of 2G sugars for the production of Lactic Acid/and Bio-plastic PLA Uniper has the ambition to create higher value with biomass and have an interest to potentially supply feedstock & provide utilities Port of Rotterdam has the ambition to further develop its Bio-Based Industry

Main characteristics Bio refinery producing 300 ton/hr sugar Residue 300 ton/hr lignin, requires outlet Requires 350 ton/hr steam Biomass input 1 Mton wood pallets per annum Capex investment approximately 600 Mio Operational cost mainly based on biomass Potential business case based on subsidy (SDE) Future business case based on decreased biomass price level and downstream product value

Hurdles bio mass refinery No solid technology providing company investing in bio-refinery Large Dutch petro and chemical companies do not see the opportunity? Upscaling technical risk in bio-refinery Biomass volume hindered due to strict certification Low value & large volume biomass not allowed due to certification rules SDE selection should be based on best business case and contribution to sustainability Low energy prices hinder feasible business cases for production of bio fuels Investors do not participate in long term strategic projects No sense of urgency for the biomass transition at individual companies Demand from markets is slowly starting up.