Populations Review & Human Demography

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Presentation transcript:

Populations Review & Human Demography

Populations Review…

Populations Review

Populations Review

Limiting Factors

Let’s debrief/discussion the Population Activity from last week…

Human Demography

The study of age structure and growth rate of a population Demography The study of age structure and growth rate of a population

Life Table Used by population biologists to: Determine patterns of survival Study demographics within a population 2 kinds of tables…

Cohort Life Table Cohort = individuals that are the same age Follow one cohort from birth to death

Cohort Life Table

Information Derived from Cohorts (1) Net reproductive rate Average number of offspring produced by an individual in it’s lifetime

Information Derived from Cohorts (2) Generation time The average age at which an individual gives birth to its offspring

Information Derived from Cohorts (3) Per capita rate of increase The rate at which the population is increasing or decreasing

Static Life Table Record the age at death for individuals who died in a given time period Provides a “snapshot” of survival

Static Life Table

Summarize pattern of survival in population Survivorship Curves Summarize pattern of survival in population Type 1 Curve High survivorship of young and middle age with low survivorship in old age E.g. humans

Summarize pattern of survival in population Survivorship Curves Summarize pattern of survival in population Type II Curve Same survivorship rate throughout life E.g. birds, squirrels

Summarize pattern of survival in population Survivorship Curves Summarize pattern of survival in population Type III Curve Low survivorship of young and middle age with high survivorship in old age E.g. fish, mollusks

Reproductive Strategies Based on evolutionary history and stability of environment Goal: Optimize population size and success Two strategies: r-selection K-selection Draw a T-chart below this content!

Video Link – Putting it all together https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bu6ouKt9zhs 7-minute video

Lab Introduction Life styles have changes dramatically over the last 150+ years in the US These changes are reflected in age at death Examining cemetery data allows us to study the changes in human populations

Lab Overview Cemetery data collection to examine human population trends Collect data from assigned digital cemetery Compile data with others for a given time period Create life tables and survivorship curves

Link for Overview http://www.interment.net/Default.htm

Discussion Points Why would we use a static (snap-shot) life table approach instead of a cohort life table approach to examine trends inhuman data? What factors do you think have contributed to changes in human demographic patterns (including life span) over the last 200 years?