WARM UP Compare and contrast the properties and forces present in solids, liquids, and gases. Explain, in your own words, how the states of matter change. Use water as an example.

The Big Bang Theory

Phase Changes

Kinetic-Molecular Theory Molecules are in constant motion Higher temperature increases motion

Kinetic-Molecular Theory Increased motion can break IMFs Changes phase

Kinetic-Molecular Theory Temperature increase stops at points of phase change All heat used to break forces, not move particles faster

Phase Changes Liquid Solid (Melting and Freezing) Melting point Particles break/make crystals

Phase Changes Liquid Gas (Vaporization and Condensation) Boiling point Particles escape from/enter liquid

Phase Changes Solid Gas Sublimation (to gas) Deposition (to solid)

IMFs and Phases Stronger forces require higher energy to break Raises m.p. and b.p.

External Conditions and Phases b.p. is dependent on mass/gravity Particles must escape upward Greater mass requires more energy/heat to vaporize

WRAP UP Draw a phase change graph for water, showing the transition from ice to liquid to steam. Explain why the phase change graph shows flat areas.

WARM UP Describe the relationship between the mass of a particle and the boiling point of its liquid.

WRAP UP Describe the link between kinetic-molecular theory, intermolecular forces, and phase changes.

WARM UP “If you do what you’ve always done, you’ll get what you’ve always gotten.” – Tony Robbins What does this mean to you? How can you apply this to school?