downstream Closeness to the end customer in the supply chain. downstream or upstream or green? downstream Closeness to the end customer in the supply chain. Page 258 2nd Ed, Page 295 Click here for Hint

implied authority Authority an organization intends the agent to have. implied authority or actual authority or apparent authority? implied authority Authority an organization intends the agent to have. Page 268 2nd Ed, Page 310 Click here for Hint

Supply Chain Operations Reference Model (SCOR) SCOR or contract or benchmarking? Supply Chain Operations Reference Model (SCOR) A standard framework to describe and measure supply chain design and performance. 2nd Ed, Page 297 Click here for Hint

fourth-party logistics (4PL) fourth-party logistics (4PL) or third-party logistics (3PL) or inbound logistics ? fourth-party logistics (4PL) Logistical consulting provided by a firm without logistical assets. Page 266 2nd Ed, Page 308 Click here for Hint

battle of the forms Determining which version of a contract has implied authority or decentralized organizational policy or battle of the forms? battle of the forms Determining which version of a contract has precedence. Page 275 2nd Ed, Page 318 Click here for Hint

identification (RFID) radio frequency identification (RFID) or smart seals or electronic data interchange (EDI)? radio frequency identification (RFID) The tagging of objects with devices that may be detected and interrogated for information by remote electronic readers, allowing identification and tracking without contact. Page 266 2nd Ed, Page 308 Click here for Hint

risk or core competency or contribution margin? core competency Specific ability that distinguishes a business from its competitors. 2nd Ed, Page 304 Click here for Hint

supply chain A system that includes supplier positioning or supply chain or procurement? supply chain A system that includes every organization playing a role in supplying a particular product to a customer. Page 258 2nd Ed, Page 294 Click here for Hint

enterprise resource planning (ERP) EDI or ERP or RFID? enterprise resource planning (ERP) A strategic information system that integrates all functional areas of an organization. 2nd Ed, Page 296 Click here for Hint

supplier positioning Classifying purchases according to the buyer’s supplier positioning or supplier preferencing or spend analysis? supplier positioning Classifying purchases according to the buyer’s annual procurement cost versus relative risk. Page 261 2nd Ed, Page 299 Click here for Hint

boilerplate In purchasing, standard terms and conditions of boilerplate or tender or smart seals? boilerplate In purchasing, standard terms and conditions of contract, covering major generic risks. Page 267 2nd Ed, Page 316 Click here for Hint

hard negotiation or distributive negotiation or soft negotiation? soft negotiation Dialogue intended to gain agreement, build a good relationship, and avoid conflict with another party. 2nd Ed, Page 320 Click here for Hint

business-to-consumer (B2C) business-to-consumer (B2C) or business-to-business (B2B) or request for quotation (RFQ)? business-to-consumer (B2C) Commercial transactions between an organization and individual consumers. Page 259 2nd Ed, Page 295 Click here for Hint

organizational policy decentralized organizational policy or implied authority or ethics? decentralized organizational policy Distributing decision making and authority to individuals or groups throughout a larger organization. Page 260 2nd Ed, Page 309 Click here for Hint

business continuity plan or risk or contribution margin? contribution margin The difference between the revenue earned per unit of sale and the variable cost of that unit to the seller. 2nd Ed, Page 307 Click here for Hint

hard negotiation or distributive negotiation or principled negotiation? hard negotiation Adversarial dialogue, in which a negotiator resists agreement until all demands are met. 2nd Ed, Page 320 Click here for Hint

counteroffer An offer that is made in response to a previous offer. contract or tender or counteroffer? counteroffer An offer that is made in response to a previous offer. Page 267 2nd Ed, Page 316 Click here for Hint

economies of scale Decreasing average unit cost by increasing volume. EDI or linear averaging or economies of scale? economies of scale Decreasing average unit cost by increasing volume. 2nd Ed, Page 304 Click here for Hint

purchasing agent A person empowered sales representative or sales agent or purchasing agent? purchasing agent A person empowered to buy on behalf of an organization. Page 268 2nd Ed, Page 310 Click here for Hint

contract The total legal obligation among two or more parties. contract or tender or counteroffer? contract The total legal obligation among two or more parties. Page 267 2nd Ed, Page 316 Click here for Hint

petty cash A very small fund supporting incidental purchases. contract or tender or petty cash? petty cash A very small fund supporting incidental purchases. Page 275 2nd Ed, Page 317 Click here for Hint

distributive negotiation distributive negotiation or negotiation or hard negotiation? distributive negotiation Competitive dialogue to divide a fixed amount, also known as a win-lose or zero-sum approach. 2nd Ed, Page 319 Click here for Hint

actual authority Authority specified explicitly, often in the job actual authority or centralized organizational policy or implied authority? actual authority Authority specified explicitly, often in the job description. Page 268 2nd Ed, Page 310 Click here for Hint

offshoring or make-or-buy or RFQ? Deciding between internal production or external procurement of some item. 2nd Ed, Page 305 Click here for Hint

electronic data interchange (EDI) The linking of two or smart seals or business-to-business (B2B)? electronic data interchange (EDI) The linking of two information systems from two different organizations to transfer data and conduct transactions. Page 265 2nd Ed, Page 307 Click here for Hint

hard negotiation or ABC policy or benchmarking? benchmarking Measuring performance relative to some peer’s performance, generally identified as best in class. 2nd Ed, Page 297 Click here for Hint

ethics Principles governing conduct, delineating good from bad. ethics or contract or green? ethics Principles governing conduct, delineating good from bad. Page 270 2nd Ed, Page 312 Click here for Hint

business-to-business (B2B) battle of the forms or business-to-business (B2B) or request for quotation (RFQ)? business-to-business (B2B) Commercial transactions between organizations. Page 259 2nd Ed, Page 295 Click here for Hint

organizational structure actual authority or centralized organizational policy or functional organizational structure? functional organizational structure An organization of specialists grouped into distinct departments. Page 260 2nd Ed, Page 309 Click here for Hint

ABC policy Prioritizing the management of inventory contract or ABC policy or linear averaging? ABC policy Prioritizing the management of inventory according to the significance of each item’s annual dollar volume to the organization. Page 261 2nd Ed, Page 300 Click here for Hint

green Assures sustainability. downstream or upstream or green? Page 271 2nd Ed, Page 313 Click here for Hint

offshoring Outsourcing of a business process to another country. offshoring or partnering or resilience? offshoring Outsourcing of a business process to another country. 2nd Ed, Page 304 Click here for Hint

apparent authority Giving the impression of actual authority without actual authority or apparent authority or implied authority? apparent authority Giving the impression of actual authority without having actual authority. Page 268 2nd Ed, Page 310 Click here for Hint

inbound logistics Management of flow into a facility or other system. fourth-party logistics (4PL) or outbound logistics or inbound logistics? inbound logistics Management of flow into a facility or other system. Page 259 2nd Ed, Page 295 Click here for Hint

integrative negotiation hard negotiation or distributive negotiation or principled negotiation? integrative negotiation Cooperative dialogue to create a mutually beneficial agreement, also known as a win-win approach. 2nd Ed, Page 319 Click here for Hint

lean Operating without waste. green or lean or ethics? Page 271 2nd Ed, Page 313 Click here for Hint

linear averaging A numerically weighted evaluation method used in linear averaging or supplier positioning or commodity/category plans? linear averaging A numerically weighted evaluation method used in situations such as awarding contracts, selecting locations, or ranking candidates. Page 273 2nd Ed, Page 317 Click here for Hint

matrix organizational structure functional organizational structure or decentralized organizational policy or matrix organizational structure? matrix organizational structure An organization that groups differing functions together according to requirements of the work. Page 260 2nd Ed, Page 309 Click here for Hint

negotiation A dialogue to reach agreement. implied authority or counteroffer or negotiation? negotiation A dialogue to reach agreement. 2nd Ed, Page 319 Click here for Hint

sales agent A person empowered to bind a selling organization sales representative or sales agent or apparent authority? sales agent A person empowered to bind a selling organization in contracts with buyers. Page 268 2nd Ed, Page 310 Click here for Hint

offer To present a proposal for acceptance or rejection. offer or counteroffer or tender? offer To present a proposal for acceptance or rejection. Page 267 2nd Ed, Page 316 Click here for Hint

request for quotation (RFQ) An invitation to offer tender or request for quotation (RFQ) or counteroffer? request for quotation (RFQ) An invitation to offer a price for a particular product or service. Page 275 2nd Ed, Page 317 Click here for Hint

outbound logistics Management of flow inbound logistics or outbound logistics or fourth-party logistics (4PL)? outbound logistics Management of flow departing a facility or other system. Page 259 2nd Ed, Page 295 Click here for Hint

outsource To subcontract an internal process to an external provider. offshoring or partnering or outsource? outsource To subcontract an internal process to an external provider. 2nd Ed, Page 304 Click here for Hint

partnering Long-term strategic alliances that benefit both parties. offshoring or partnering or outsource? partnering Long-term strategic alliances that benefit both parties. 2nd Ed, Page 299 Click here for Hint

boilerplate or break-even point or benchmarking? break-even point A level of activity at which the revenue collected matches the costs incurred by that activity. 2nd Ed, Page 307 Click here for Hint

principled negotiation hard negotiation or distributive negotiation or principled negotiation? principled negotiation Dialogue with a focus on the issue at hand, generally considered the best approach to negotiation. 2nd Ed, Page 320 Click here for Hint

procurement The acquisition of goods and services on behalf of supplier positioning or supply chain or procurement? procurement The acquisition of goods and services on behalf of an organization. Page 272 2nd Ed, Page 316 Click here for Hint

purchase order (PO) or contract or petty cash? A written offer to a supplier to buy a particular product in a particular quantity at a particular price. Page 275 2nd Ed, Page 317 Click here for Hint

electronic data interchange (EDI) or commodity/category plans or spend analysis? Collecting, classifying, and reporting the expenditures of an organization. Page 261 2nd Ed, Page 299 Click here for Hint

tier 2 supplier The supplier of an organization’s immediate supplier. tier 2 supplier or third-party logistics (3PL) or tier 1 supplier? tier 2 supplier The supplier of an organization’s immediate supplier. Page 259 2nd Ed, Page 295 Click here for Hint

resilience The ability of a system to adjust to or recover from a resilience or sustainability or ethics? resilience The ability of a system to adjust to or recover from a shock or sudden change. Page 269 2nd Ed, Page 311 Click here for Hint

organizational policy actual authority or centralized organizational policy or implied authority? centralized organizational policy Assigning decision making and authority to one individual or set of individuals within a larger organization. Page 260 2nd Ed, Page 309 Click here for Hint

supplier positioning or reference model or SCOR Model? reference model A conceptual framework often maintained by a body of experts, used to support standardization, education, communication, and collaboration within a community. 2nd Ed, Page 296 Click here for Hint

sustainability The degree to which downstream or sustainability or green? sustainability The degree to which immediate activity does not incur greater costs in the long term. Page 270 2nd Ed, Page 312 Click here for Hint

risk The possibility of a loss or the source of such a possibility. risk or resilience or ethics? risk The possibility of a loss or the source of such a possibility. 2nd Ed, Page 313 Click here for Hint

sales representative A person who solicits orders but cannot bind sales representative or sales agent or apparent authority? sales representative A person who solicits orders but cannot bind the selling organization in contracts with buyers. Page 268 2nd Ed, Page 310 Click here for Hint

smart seals Tamper-evident seals that radio frequency identification (RFID) or smart seals or electronic data interchange (EDI)? smart seals Tamper-evident seals that guarantee shipments have not been tampered with after inspection at the port of origin. Page 267 2nd Ed, Page 308 Click here for Hint

commodity/category plans Consolidating related products or services to supplier positioning or commodity/category plans or inbound logistics? commodity/category plans Consolidating related products or services to increase buying leverage. Page 261 2nd Ed, Page 299 Click here for Hint

supplier preferencing supplier positioning or supplier preferencing or spend analysis? supplier preferencing Classifying a supplier by how it would likely view the buyer. Page 263 2nd Ed, Page 301 Click here for Hint

upstream Closeness to the supplier in the supply chain. downstream or upstream or green? upstream Closeness to the supplier in the supply chain. Page 258 2nd Ed, Page 295 Click here for Hint

tender Bid or cost provided to a potential buyer. offer or counteroffer or tender? tender Bid or cost provided to a potential buyer. Page 272 2nd Ed, Page 316 Click here for Hint

third-party logistics (3PL) third-party logistics (3PL) or outbound logistics or supplier positioning? third-party logistics (3PL) Outsourcing logistics activities to a provider. Page 266 2nd Ed, Page 308 Click here for Hint

vendor-managed inventory (VMI) vendor-managed inventory (VMI) or supplier positioning or third-party logistics (3PL)? vendor-managed inventory (VMI) Transferal of ownership and management of inventory within a system to its external provider, who will be compensated after its use by the system. Page 266 2nd Ed, Page 308 Click here for Hint

collaborative planning, forecasting, and replenishment (CPFR) collaborative planning, forecasting, and replenishment (CPFR) or supplier positioning or boilerplate? collaborative planning, forecasting, and replenishment (CPFR) A business model where supply chain partners share information and plan jointly in inventory management. Page 265 2nd Ed, Page 307 Click here for Hint

tier 1 supplier An organization’s immediate supplier. tier 2 supplier or third-party logistics (3PL) or tier 1 supplier? tier 1 supplier An organization’s immediate supplier. Page 259 2nd Ed, Page 295 Click here for Hint

business continuity plan business continuity plan or contract or resilience? business continuity plan Guidelines and arrangements for response to disruption of critical business functions, to restore and maintain operation. 2nd Ed, Page 315 Click here for Hint