Improved radio data analysis with LOPES Katrin Link, for the LOPES Collaboration #0404, ICRC 2011, Beijing

LOPES LOFAR Prototype Station Located at KIT, Germany, integrated within KASCADE-Grande KASCADE-Grande provides trigger and shower information Energy range: ~1017 to 1018 eV Frequency range: 40-80 MHz Inverted V-shaped dipole east/west or north/south aligned Now LOPES 3D setup → Poster #0321 by D. Huber Between 10 and 30 antennas Interferometric analysis Katrin.Link@kit.edu Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, KIT

Katrin.Link@kit.edu Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, KIT

Interferometry Beamforming Calculate geometrical time delay So far: spherical waveform → Talk #0313 F. G. Schröder Align traces of all antennas Katrin.Link@kit.edu Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, KIT

Interferometry Beamforming Calculate geometrical time delay So far: spherical waveform → Talk #0313 F. G. Schröder Align traces of all antennas Katrin.Link@kit.edu Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, KIT

Interferometry Cross-correlation Calculate cross-correlation Block-averaging (3 samples) Iterative procedure to find maximum Higher signal to noise ratio Included in standard analysis pipeline Katrin.Link@kit.edu Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, KIT

Data & simulations Compare data and REAS3 simulations REAS3 → Talk #0149 by M. Ludwig So far: Simulation: EW/NS component of E-field for each antenna Data: reconstructed E-field of EW/NS aligned antenna No detector effects included, only measured bandwidth of the experiment No comparison of CC-beam Now: Full LOPES detector simulation available Use LOPES analysis pipeline also for REAS3 simulations Comparison based on CC-beam and reconstructed E-field Katrin.Link@kit.edu Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, KIT

Detector simulation Generate binary LOPES file from REAS simulation Simulated gain pattern Response of analog chain e.g. from filter, cables and amplifier Optional: Add narrowband signal Add broadband noise, using typical noise traces measured by LOPES 500 ns 20 ns output of REAS3 after detector simulation Katrin.Link@kit.edu Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, KIT

First investigations - data and simulations with noise Simulation with noise Az: 294.3° Ze: 37.78° 20 μV/m/MHz Energy: 1017.4 eV, Azimuth: 294.4°, Zenith: 37.85° LOPES LOPES Az: 294.5° Ze: 38.07° 20 μV/m/MHz Katrin.Link@kit.edu Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, KIT

First investigations - reconstruction Compare lateral distribution: Red: simulated east/west-component of field strength for each antenna Blue: Reconstructed field strength for east/west aligned antennas → Most of the events are correct reconstructed, detailed analysis will follow EW-component of REAS3 Reconstructed with LOPES pipeline Katrin.Link@kit.edu Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, KIT

Reconstruction of arrival direction Angle Ω between simulated and reconstructed arrival direction CCheight > 1 μV/m/MHz Maybe biased due to selected starting point for direction reconstruction Simulation w/o noise with noise # events # events RMS EW 0,2464 RMS NS 0,1077 RMS EW 0,5327 RMS NS 0,7794 Ω in ° Ω in ° Katrin.Link@kit.edu Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, KIT

Conclusion & outlook Full detector simulation for REAS simulations available Investigations of single events show good results Reconstructed arrival direction within 1° from input direction More sophisticated comparison of data and simulation possible Previous analysis based on CC-beam can be verified with simulations Accuracy of standard analysis pipeline can be tested Capability of radio detection technique will be investigated Thank you Katrin.Link@kit.edu Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, KIT