Parton Cascade Simulation – Heavy Ion Collisions

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Presentation transcript:

Parton Cascade Simulation – Heavy Ion Collisions HIM2011-06(고려대학교) Parton Cascade Simulation – Heavy Ion Collisions Shin, Ghi Ryang(신기량) 안동대학교 June 10, 2011

Congratulation to Prof. Shim I remember Prof. Shim is a senior professor who does not ask for to be a senior. Wish to come to talk & work together

1. Introduction UrHIC at RHIC and LHC HIM2011-06(고려대학교) 1. Introduction UrHIC at RHIC and LHC stage 1 stage 2 stage 3 stage 4 stage 5 It is dream to understand these processes!

2. Quick Description of each process HIM2011-06(고려대학교) 2. Quick Description of each process Possible dominant physics of each process

Stage 1: Parton distributions of nucleus HIM2011-06(고려대학교) Stage 1: Parton distributions of nucleus Parton distribution of nucleon(p): CTEQ: only proton GRV : only proton Neutron: u ↔ d of proton EKS(include nucleon shadow effects) Wood-Saxon or constant density for spacial distribution Lorentz Boost and Contraction CGC: KNV(Krasnitz, Nara, Venugopalan) model

For example, traditional model, or KNV model,

Stage 2: Primary Collisions HIM2011-06(고려대학교) Stage 2: Primary Collisions

HIM2011-06(고려대학교)

HIM2011-06(고려대학교)

HIM2011-06(고려대학교)

HIM2011-06(고려대학교)

Stage 3: Secondary Collisions & QGP HIM2011-06(고려대학교) Stage 3: Secondary Collisions & QGP Picture 1: Assume ON-SHELL particles

Gluon radiation included (based on pQCD): HIM2011-06(고려대학교) Gluon radiation included (based on pQCD):

Picture 2: Bremsstrahlung HIM2011-06(고려대학교) Picture 2: Bremsstrahlung Primary partons have high virtuality The branching reduce the virtuality until the limited mass via pQCD Cons: elliptic flow cannot explained Real world: Off-shell partons will make collisions as well as branchings

Once thermalized, we can follow the evolution using: HIM2011-06(고려대학교) Once thermalized, we can follow the evolution using: Hydrodynamic Expansion: 3+1 D Hydro developed by Jeon and Schenke Nonaka et al Boltzmann-like expansion: Many groups working on: ZPC, VNI, …

Stage 4: Hadronization: HIM2011-06(고려대학교) Stage 4: Hadronization: Model 1: Independent Fragmentation Model (Field-Feynman Model) Consider e+ e- → γ* → hX γ* → q q-bar q → q’ + M(q q’-bar), where M is a meson q-bar →q-bar’ + M(q’ q-bar) g→q q_bar and one of them has all the energy and monentum further hadron production Pros: explains reasonably the experiments Cons: energy & momentum non-conservation; need color & flavor neutralization; Distinguishable with collinear jets

Model 2: String Model (PYTHIA,..) HIM2011-06(고려대학교) Model 2: String Model (PYTHIA,..) LUND model UCLA model String breaks up into hadron-sized piece through spontaneous q q-bar pair production If there is a gluon, = kink on the string to produce angular distribution Pros: more consistent and covariant picture Cons: for multi-parton system, there is ambiguity to connect string among them and kinks

One example of string model: HIM2011-06(고려대학교) One example of string model:

Model 3: Cluster Model(HERWIG, …) HIM2011-06(고려대학교) Model 3: Cluster Model(HERWIG, …) Field-Wolfram, Weber-Marchesini, Gottschalk Initial partons will Bremsstrahlung or branching until some perturbative cutoff Q_0( ~ 1 GeV) All the gluon will split into q q_bar by force Non-perturbative set in, and combine neighboring quarks and antiquarks to produce colorless preconfinement clusters Each cluster decay into hadrons (usually 2)

One example of Cluster model: HIM2011-06(고려대학교) One example of Cluster model:

HIM2011-06(고려대학교)

Possible Model: in our study HIM2011-06(고려대학교) Possible Model: in our study Partons will make collision and radiation (gg → ggg ) At the end of pQCD, gluons will split into q q-bar by force Colorless clusters (q q-bar, qqq) will be formed; if the mass (energy) is too large, it can make further cluster decay (Cl1 → Cl2 + Cl3) Each cluster will decay into two hadrons just like excited resonance of same quark constituents

Stage 5: Hadron Expansion HIM2011-06(고려대학교) Stage 5: Hadron Expansion UrQMD is good But the free flow may be enough

HIM2011-06(고려대학교) 3. Final Comments Need systematic studies with all the possible parameters and models Compare the experiments to fix parameters and models Hopely understand the non-perturbative phenomena And study the exotic quantum state (QGP)