WIT CONFERENCE - SUSTAINABLE CITY 2014 – Siena 25 September 2014 OPPORTUNITIES FOR URBAN FARMING The case study of the San Martino hill in Naples, Italy Marina Rigillo Maria Cristina Vigo Majello Department of Architecture (DiARC), University of Naples, Federico II WIT CONFERENCE - SUSTAINABLE CITY 2014 – Siena 25 September 2014

OBJECT The study deals with the RECOVERY of the urban NATURAL SOILS specially focusing on the REMNANTS of the former agricultural one The study discusse a demostration project and it aims at assessing the viability of managing agricultural use in urban areas in order to protect natural soils and updating both urban and ecological services through a non convencional public service policy

CONNECTED ISSUES AND ASSUMPTION INTEGRATED PROJECT FOR FACING CLIMATE CHANGE BALANCING RURAL TO URBAN RELATIONSHIP PROMOTE SOCIAL INVOLVEMENT PROVIDE JOB OPPORTUNITIES ENHANCE CITY RESILIENCY AND ASSUMPTION (city is) complex, adaptive socioecological systems in which the delivery of eco system services links society and ecosystems at multiple scales (Grimm et al, 2008)

ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFIT

URBAN BENEFITS SCARSE SOCIAL SECURITY CROPS ABANDONMENT COSTS FOR SOIL MAINTENANCE ENVIRONMENTAL RISK

INTEGRATED AGRICULTURAL SERVICES

NATURAL SOIL AND URBAN SOIL The biggest difference between natural and urban soils is in the physical structure of it. The genesis of the urban soils comes from the melting of different materials in different times (waste, raw material, construction waste). Thus not every soils are adequate to agricultural use

SOIL LAYERS Fertile Soil: it is the most superficial one, Here is the humus layer, reach of minerals and nutritive materials Superficial Soil: it is the layer that works for performing the water cycle and for stocking carbon and other organic substances Deep Soil, it is the layer that models and stabilizes the site.

LOOKING FOR SOILS FIT FOR THE URBAN FARMING PRELIMINARY CHECK SIZE ADJACENT LAND USE LANDMARKING

SAN MARTINO HILL

LAND COVER

LAND USE

HISTORICAL LAND USE 13

CULTURAL ROOTS It is essential to understand the city as a form derived in the first istance from geological and biological evolution existing as a SUM of natural process ADAPTED by man. It is also necessary to perceive the HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT of the city as a consequence of cultural adaptation reflected in the plan of the city and its constituent both individually and in groups (Ian McHarg, 1969)

AGRICULTURAL POTENTIAL

ADJACENT LAND USE: THE STAIR-STREET EXCLUSIVE

PRIVATE AGRICULTURAL AREA WASTE MANAGEMENT ON THE STAIR STREET WASTE COLLECT ON VIA PEDAMENTINA EMPLOYER ASIA USER GARBAGE USER LANDFILL GLASS PLASTIC/ ALUMINUM PROJECT PAPER GLASS COLLECT ON CVE EMPLOYER ASIA UTENTE GARBAGE PLASTIC/ ALUMINUM PRIVATE EMPLOYER LANDFILL WASTE COMPOSTER PRIVATE AGRICULTURAL AREA ORGANIC 17

EXISTINTING SLIDING RISK

METHODOLOGY Step 1: LAND USE + LAND COVER + HISTORIACAL MAP P1: AGRICULTURAL POTENTIAL ADJACENT LAND USE EXISTITING RISK Step 2: RISK EVALUATION P2: EFFECTIVE AGRICULTURAL POTENTIAL P3: FIRST PROJECT PROPOSAL

P3: FIRST PROJECT PROPOSAL

EXPECTED RESULTS OF THE PROJECT REDUCING SOIL LOSS MAINTAIN ECOLOGICAL SERVICES IN URBAN AREAS IMPROVING REAL ESTATE VALUES ON THE STAIR STREET ASSESSING A NEW MODEL OF PUBLIC/ PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP 21

ASSESSING VIABILITY OF THE PROJECT PROPOSAL

URBAN FARM MANAGEMENT

PRIVATE ACTORS: Residents: • Maintenance and cleaning of public stairway; • Increased security given by the agricultural park garrison social returns; • Products of the earth; • Products derived from cultures of the orchard; • A private garden in the heart of the city. CROPS OWENERS: • Maintenance and cleaning of the crops • incoming money; • reduce cost; PUBLIC ACTORS: The City of Naples: • Maintenance and cleaning of a public urban space; • Development of local BP; • Promotion of integrated waste management • Improve air quality; • Soil protection The ASIA • Reduction of costs due to a situation complicated logistically 24

CONCLUSION NOT SOLVED PROBLEMS: SOIL POLLUTION INVOLVEMENT OF NAPLES MUNICIPALITY INVOLVEMENT OF PUBLIC WASTE SERVICE MANAGEMENT OPENING: PROTOCOLS FOR URBAN NATURAL SOIL REMEDIATION NO FOOD PRODUCTION SERVICES INVOLVEMENT OF PRIVATE INVESTORS

AWARD 26

Maria Cristina Majello Thank you Marina Rigillo marina.rigillo@unina.it Maria Cristina Majello Mariacristina.majello@unina.it