Review from last class What is the difference between an empirical and a normative statement? What is the difference between an advanced and an illiberal/procedure democracy? Give three examples of a supranational organization. Explain how globalization has affected two of the countries we are studying.

Some class rules Last class was louder than I wanted it to be. Y’all are all great kids. However, some of you have VERY big personalities. There was a lot of yelling over people. Let’s treat class like a simulation, raise your hand if you’d like to speak. Two more things: There were a couple of instances of racism last class. You are upperclassmen. Act like it. Also, let’s save all discussions to the end of a slide, even if you’re curious about the picture immediately.

Types of Government and Parts of Government EQ: How is power distributed among different parts of government?

Nation vs. State Nation--A group of people with a common political identity. State—An area with sovereignty and clearly defined borders. Nationalism—Sense of identity and pride for your nation. Patriotism—Sense of identity and pride for your state.

Government and Politics Government—The leadership and institutions that make policy decisions for a country. Politics—The struggle to decide who has the POWER to make policy decisions. Regime—The long term institutions of a state. Ex.—The American democratic regime. PRI: 1929-2000 in Mexico

Democratic Regimes Authority is based on the will of the people. Generally have a very open society with guaranteed rights. Three branches— Executive Legislative Judicial

Authoritarian Regimes Based on the will of a select few Limited or non-existent individual rights Totalitarianism—An extremely repressive authoritarian government that generally does not have the support of its people. Sometimes have an ideological goal and are trying to transform society (communism, theocracy) Anarchy?

Types of authority in government Unitary System—Policymaking power is in one central geographic place. Central (national) government makes decisions. Confederal System—Power spread among sub-units (states.) Weak central government. Federal System—Power is divided between central government and sub-units. Shared power

Parts of a Government—The Executive Head of Government—Directs other members of the executive as they run the state. Oversee policy implementation Cabinet—The heads of major departments within the government. They carry out the implementation of policy. Secretary of State, Secretary of Treasury, etc.

Parts of a Government—Executive Branch Bureaucracy—The agencies and employees that carry out government policy. Appointed by the president, not elected. Helps with stability, as bureaucrats, since elected officials are always changing. Discretionary Power—The power to make small decisions to carry out policy. Examples? Is this democratic?

Parts of Government—Legislative Branch In charge of making/passing laws. Bicameral or unicameral—One or two houses Some are powerful, some are dominated by the executive Play a role in elite recruitment—Identifying future party leaders

Parts of Government—Judicial Branch Constitutional Courts—Decide constitutionality of laws Judicial Review—The power to review and strike down laws if deemed unconstitutional Vary in terms of power and independence

Organizations that aren’t part of the government, but still influence it Linkage Institutions—Organizations that connect the government to its citizens Political parties—Groups of people with similar ideas who attempt to gain power. One party system (authoritarian) Two party system—The United States Multi-party system—Most democracies

Interest Groups An organization trying to shape public policy Common in democracies, rare in authoritarian governments Pluralism—Having many INDEPENDENT interest groups Corporatism—Interest groups have limited or no autonomy from the state Difference between parties and interest groups?

The Media Organizations that report government related events Independent Media—Free to criticize government policies and individuals State-controlled/censored media—Generally favorable of government policies

Review! What is the difference between a nation and a state? Why don’t we call Obama’s presidency the Obama regime? What is the cabinet, and what branch of government is it part of? What is the purpose of the bureaucracy? What organizations link citizens to their government? What is the difference between an interest group and a political party? What is the difference between corporatism and pluralism?

Pictionary! Executive Legislative Judicial Judicial Review Nation State Patriotism Unitary Confederation Federal Regime Bureaucracy Cabinet Linkage Institution Media Political Party Interest Group Corporatism Pluralism Nationalism Discretionary Power

Tree Map! With a partner, you will now make a tree map. Your tree will have two main branches— Parts of government Outside organizations that limit government. For each branch, I want you to tell me: Two important purposes of that branch in an advanced democracy. One way that that branch could be different in an illiberal democracy or authoritarian regime.