Warm up – 3/1/17 What was the Mayflower Compact? What was John Winthrop’s vision for the Massachusetts Bay Colony?

New England Colonies cont’d English Colonies New England Colonies cont’d

Puritans Rules Came to America for religious freedom for their religion Religion dominated all aspects of their lives and laws Ways to dress, act, speak…etc Expected to attend church and pay taxes to support it Church and gov’t closely related

Connecticut Founded by Thomas Hooker in 1636 Hartford Puritan minister Believed: Gov’t had no right to interfere in religious matters* Gov’t been chosen by all not just church officials* Went against John Winthrop and his group Seen as a radical and banished from Mass. Bay Colony Created Fundamental Orders of Conn. 1st written constitution in American history* Powers of gov’t come from governed Voting rights to ALL men

Rhode Island – Puritan Rebels 1631- Roger Williams Arrives Massachusetts He was a Puritan, but he was critical of the Puritan leaders Said the King had no right to take away land from the Natives Banished from Massachusetts 1636 – founds Providence, Rhode Island* Believed: In religious tolerance for all Church and govn’t separate Settlers should buy land from natives

Rhode Island – Puritan Rebels Anne Hutchinson Claimed that a holy life not a sure sign of salvation Those truly saved did not need to obey the law of God or man Banished from Massachusetts Flees to the south Helps Williams found Rhode Island Establishes Portsmouth, RI Rhode Island considered a “sewer” place where unwanted people went

New Hampshire Created by Anne Hutchinson brother in law 1639…John Wheelwright He too banished from Mass. Later 1679 become royal colony

Mass. Bay Colony Struggles 1. Banishing everyone 2. Many young Puritans not converting to the Puritan church Losing church membership Create “Half-Way Covenant” 1662 Gave non-converted Puritans partial membership in the church 3. Salem Witch Trials Major outcome The prestige of the traditional Puritan clergy was damaged beyond repair

Trouble with Native Americans At first relations friendly Squanto helped Plymouth colony Narragansett helped R.I. Now have guns Settlers began to move West….conflict Two views Convert them Christians Saw heathens

Pequot War (1634-1638) 1637 in Connecticut Colonists having issues with Pequot Tribe Colonists teamed up with Narragansett and Mohegan tribes to attack Pequot Outcome Nearly wiped out Pequot people Brutal massacre

Conflicts in New England The large number of people immigrating to New England forced the settlements to expand Emergence of cities Increase in conflicts with Natives over land “King Philip’s War” (1675-1676) King Philip was the nickname of the Indian Chief, Metacom Led his people to attack colonists 600 colonists killed King Philip killed by the English; English take his people’s land PUT HIS HEAD ON A STICK Survivors either fled or sold as slaves Newly acquired lands became Connecticut and New Hampshire (Maine part of Mass. until 1820) Opens Southern New England to white settlers

New England Confederation Created New England Confederation To protect each other from constant attack of Native Americans Why? Colonies left to fend for themselves (salutary neglect) England having own Civil War

King James II King James II angry over the NE colonies attempt to self govern 1686 -created Dominion of NE Brought all the colonies under stricter control Colonies existed purely for the economic benefit of the mother country (England) Pass Navigation Acts Colonies only allowed to trade with England Begin smuggle and rebel