Drill: Draw & name 3 isomers of C4H8O Drill: Draw & name 3 isomers of C4H8O. (each isomer must contain a carbonyl group)

Carboxylic Acids

Organic compounds with carboxyl groups Carboxylic Acids Organic compounds with carboxyl groups

Carboxylic Acids O R-C R-COOH OH

Common Acids

Formic Acid O H-C OH Methanoic Acid

Acetic Acid O CH3-C OH Ethanoic acid

Propionic Acid O CH3-CH2-C OH Propanoic acid

Butyric Acid O CH3CH2CH2C OH Butanoic acid

Continuous-chain carboxylic acids isolated from fats Fatty Acids Continuous-chain carboxylic acids isolated from fats They make you fat

Caproic Acid O CH3(CH2)4C OH Hexanoic acid

Caprylic Acid O CH3(CH2)6C OH Octanoic acid

Capric Acid O CH3(CH2)8C OH Decanoic acid

Lauric Acid O CH3(CH2)10C OH

Mystic Acid O CH3(CH2)12C OH

Palmetic Acid O CH3(CH2)14C OH

Stearic Acid O CH3(CH2)16C OH

Organic HW Draw & name 5 isomers (containing a carboxyl group) of C6H12O2

Unsaturated F A Lorenzo Oil Linoleic acid Linolenic Acid

Benzoic Acid O C OH

Organic compounds with two carboxyl groups Dicarboxylic Acids Organic compounds with two carboxyl groups

Oxalic Acid O O C-C HO OH

Malonic Acid O O C-CH2-C HO OH

Succinic Acid O O C(CH2)2C HO OH

Glutaric Acid O O C(CH2)3C HO OH

Adipic Acid O O C(CH2)4C HO OH

Name both of the Following: HOOC COOH

Maleic Acid O=C C=O HO OH

OH O=C C=O HO Fumaric acid

Phallic Acid COOH COOH

Name: O HO O O-P-O-C-C-C O H H H -2

Lactic Acid OH H3C-CH-COOH

Pyruvic Acid O H3C-C-COOH

Tartar Sauce HO-CH-COOH

Citric Acid H2C-COOH HO-C-COOH

Salicylic Acid COOH OH

Organic HW Draw & name 5 isomers of C4H8O4 (all must contain a carboxyl group)

BP Properties Alkanes < ketones ketones < aldehydes aldehydes < alcohols alcohols < acids

Long chain fatty acids have a polar and a non-polar end

Name: O C OH

Name: O C OH HO

Draw & name 4 carboxyl group containing isomers of C5H10O2: Drill: Draw & name 4 carboxyl group containing isomers of C5H10O2:

Fatty Acid Salts R-COOH + MOH R-COO- M+ + H2O

Fatty Acid Salts R-COOH + MOH R-COO- M+ + H2O

Fatty Acid Salts HCOOH + KOH HCOO- K+ + H2O

Fatty Acid Salts HCOOH + KOH HCOO- K+ + H2O

Fatty Acid Salts CH3-COOH + NaOH CH3-COO- Na+ + H2O

Soaps Soaps are alkali metal salts of long chain fatty acids Yay cleanliness!

Soaps Hydrophobic end O O- Hydrophilic end

Explain Soaps, Micelles, & lipid layers

Making Carboxylic Acids

Making Acids Strong oxidation of a primary alcohol or an aldehyde Use KMnO4 or K2Cr2O7

Making Acids Oxidation – H2 R-CH2-OH O R-C H O Oxidation + H2O – H2 OH

Making Acids CH3-CH2-CH2-OH K2Cr2O7

O CH3CH2-C OH

Predict Products C O H K2Cr2O7 H2SO4

C O OH

Organic HW Draw reactants, then draw & name products in the strong oxidation of: 1-butanol, 2-butanol, & pentanaldehyde