Copyright 2013 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. Learning objectives By the end of this chapter, you should be able to: LO1 Explain the function and purpose of the criminal justice system. LO2 Explain the rule of law and its significance in Canadian law. LO3 Describe the rights and freedoms guaranteed by the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. LO4 Identify the procedural safeguards that exist in the criminal justice system. LO5 Describe the due process and crime control philosophies of criminal justice. LO6 Identify the types and categories of laws that exist in Canada. LO7 Identify the components of the criminal just system. LO8 Describe the relationship between the media and the criminal justice system. LO9 Describe the way in which a criminal case is processed through the criminal justice system. Copyright 2013 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd.

Philosophies of criminal justice Due Process Focuses on ensuring that the proceedings of the justice process are fair It does not focus on factual guilt (whether or not the accused actually did commit the crime), instead it focuses on legal guilt LO5 Copyright 2013 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd.

Philosophies of criminal justice Crime Control The crime control model focuses on protecting the public through the capture, prosecution, and conviction of offenders. The belief is that if a person is arrested for a crime, he or she is likely guilty of the crime This model also relies on the principle of deterrence - the expectation that if society sees offenders being successfully prosecuted and convicted it will deter others from offending LO5 Copyright 2013 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd.

Philosophies of criminal justice Our Canadian Justice system currently balances elements of both the due process and crime control models, to ensure we have a criminal justice system that is both fair and effective LO5 Copyright 2013 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd.