CLASSIFYING MATTER

Chemistry Learning Goals Goal of today’s lesson: Learn how matter is classified. Another way to think of that is to understand how matter is organized. I will be successful if: I can identify and correctly classify different pure substances and mixtures.

CLASSIFYING MATTER

At a glance… Classification pattern activity: You’ve been given a blank chart and a set of pictures. Cut out the pictures and try to organize into similar groupings Can you fit your groupings onto the table? You will have 6 pictures/grouping. Groupings go from most complex (put on the far left) to least complex (place on the far right) Glue them to your sheet

Matter Pure Substances Mixtures Homo- geneous Solutions Hetero- geneous Colloid Emulsion Suspension Mechanical Mixture Pure Substances Compound Element Particles increasingly smaller….

CLASSIFYING MATTER MATTER Takes up space and has a mass Both are “matter”, but one is pure and one is a mixture

Takes up space and has volume CLASSIFYING MATTER MATTER Takes up space and has volume PURE SUBSTANCE A substance that is made up of only one kind of particle; and has a fixed composition

CLASSIFYING MATTER MIXTURE Takes up space and has volume MIXTURE A substance that is made up of two or more different particles mixed together. Parts can be physically separated. There are also different types of mixtures

CLASSIFYING MATTER MATTER MIXTURE PURE SUBSTANCE Takes up space and has volume MIXTURE A substance that is made up of at least two different types of particles PURE SUBSTANCE A substance that is made up of only one particle There are also different types of mixtures

CLASSIFYING MATTER Mechanical Mixture SOLUTION A substance that is made up at least two different types of particles Mechanical Mixture A mixture in which you can distinguish different types of matter SOLUTION A uniform mixture of 2 or more substances Heterogeneous Homogeneous

(sugar + fruit extract + water) Homogeneous Mixture A uniform mixture of 2 or more substances (i.e. substances mix together so well it looks like only one substances); creates 1 phase 18K gold (gold + copper alloy Apple juice (sugar + fruit extract + water) Gas mixture (iodine gas + air*)

A uniform mixture of 2 or more substances SOLUTION A uniform mixture of 2 or more substances Air is actually a solution of: Nitrogen Oxygen Hydrogen Carbon dioxide Water vapour Argon gas Other gases uniform = homogenous

Is FRESH milk a homogenous solution?

Is FRESH milk directly from a COW a homogenous solution? Fresh milk is a heterogeneous mixture that is called a suspension. Suspensions look homogenous, but are not; they will eventually settle out.

Mechanical Mixture A mixture containing two or more substances that are visible/separate. All heterogeneous mixtures look like they have 2 or more substances.

Types of Mechanical Mixtures: Ordinary mechanical mixture Can identify various visible solid components. Easily separated Examples: pizza, salad, soil.

Heterogeneous Mixtures Suspension: a heterogeneous fluid containing solid particles that are sufficiently large for sedimentation. (Ex. Flour in water) Colloid: a substance microscopically dispersed evenly throughout another one (Ex. Store bought milk) Emulsion: a mixture of two or more immiscible (un-blendable) liquids (Ex. Vinegarette)

CLASSIFYING MATTER MATTER PURE SUBSTANCE MIXTURE Mechanical Mixture Takes up space and has volume PURE SUBSTANCE A substance that is made up of only one particle MIXTURE A substance that is made up at least two different types of particles Mechanical Mixture A mixture in which you can distinguish different types of matter SOLUTION A uniform mixture of 2 or more substances (alloys) Heterogeneous Homogeneous

CLASSIFYING MATTER MATTER PURE SUBSTANCE MIXTURE Mechanical Mixture Takes up space and has volume PURE SUBSTANCE A substance that is made up of only one particle MIXTURE A substance that is made up at least two different types of particles Mechanical Mixture A mixture in which you can distinguish different types of matter SOLUTION A uniform mixture of 2 or more substances (alloys) Iron (Fe) Water (H2O) Heterogeneous Homogeneous

CLASSIFYING MATTER ELEMENT COMPOUNDS PURE SUBSTANCE A substance that is made up of only one particle ELEMENT A substance that cannot be broken down by chemical or physical means COMPOUNDS Two or more elements that are chemically joined Iron (Fe) Water (H2O)

CLASSIFYING MATTER ELEMENT A substance that can not be broken down by chemical or physical means Smallest unit of matter = ATOM Found on the periodic table Oxygen (O2) Sodium (Na) Bromine (Br2)

CLASSIFYING MATTER COMPOUNDS Two or more elements that are chemically joined (i.e. more than one type of atom) Elements occur in a fixed ratio Can be chemically separated table salt (NaCl) glucose (C6H12O6) carbon dioxide (CO2)

Atom to compound…

CLASSIFYING MATTER MATTER PURE SUBSTANCE MIXTURE Mechanical Mixture Takes up space and has volume PURE SUBSTANCE A substance that is made up of only one particle MIXTURE A substance that is made up at least two different types of particles Mechanical Mixture A mixture in which you can distinguish different types of matter SOLUTION A uniform mixture of 2 or more substances (alloys) ELEMENT A substance that can not be broken down by chemical or physical means COMPOUNDS 2 or more elements that are chemically joined Heterogeneous Homogeneous Water (H2O) Iron (Fe)

Pure Substance or Mixture? Helium (He) Kool-aid Pepsi Salt (NaCl) Copper (Cu) Ketchup Water (H2O)

Pure Substance or Mixture? Helium (He) Pure Substance (Element) Kool-aid Pepsi Salt Copper Ketchup Water

Pure Substance or Mixture? Helium Pure Substance (Element) Kool-aid Mixture Pepsi Salt Copper Ketchup Water

Pure Substance or Mixture? Helium Pure Substance (Element) Kool-aid Mixture Pepsi Mixture Salt Copper Ketchup Water

Pure Substance or Mixture? Helium Pure Substance (Element) Kool-aid Mixture Milk Mixture Salt (NaCl) Pure Substance (Compound) Copper Ketchup Water

Pure Substance or Mixture? Helium Pure Substance (Element) Kool-aid Mixture Milk Mixture Salt Pure Substance (Compound) Copper (Cu) Pure Substance (Element) Ketchup Water

Pure Substance or Mixture? Helium Pure Substance (Element) Kool-aid Mixture Milk Mixture Salt Pure Substance (Compound) Copper Pure Substance (Element) Ketchup Mixture Water

Pure Substance or Mixture? Helium Pure Substance (Element) Kool-aid Mixture Milk Mixture Salt Pure Substance (Compound) Copper Pure Substance (Element) Ketchup Mixture Water (H2O) Pure Substance (Compound)