The Age of European Exploration Clash Of Cultures The Age of European Exploration

Learning Objective Analyze how economic, political, social, By the end of this lesson you will be able to: Analyze how economic, political, social, military and religious freedom influenced European Exploration and American colonial settlement. (AH1-3.1)

The World: Ptolemy’s Geography, 150 AD http://www. theatlantic

The Medieval World Territorial Exploration, 1507 AD http://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2013/12/12-maps-that-changed-the-world/282666/

Significant Powers That Influenced European Exploration West Africa Empires The Ottoman Empire China Europe Italy Portugal Spain

West African Kingdoms Ghana, 800 AD Mali, 1200 AD Songhai, 1400 AD

Northern Africa Mostly Islamic Region controlled by the Ottoman Empire (Turkish Muslims)

Trade With Europeans Salt Ivory Gold Slaves Not based on race Portugal-1st to trade in slaves

13th century Europe

Marco Polo, 1265 AD From Italy overland to China Whets European appetites for items in Asia Prompts European exploration/expeditions to find sea route to Asia

European Exploration: Inventions & Innovations Cartography (map making) Astrolabe Used by the Portuguese, 1481 Measures the altitude of sun, stars & heavenly bodies Replaced by the Sextant in the 1700s

Europeans: Invention & Innovations Compass Used in Europe by the 11th century Determines direction relative to Earth’s magnetic poles

Portugal: Prince Henry the Navigator, 1419 Sends explorers down coast of western Africa Hug the coastline The first Africans are brought to Europe (not as slaves, but for exhibition) First African slaves (10 of them) brought to Europe in 1442

Portugal: Vasco Da Gama, 1498 Travels around the southern tip of Africa Reaches the Indian Ocean & India Establishes trade routes along the way

Other European Explorers 1492-Spain John Cabot,1497-England Jacques Cartier 1534-France

“Line of Demarcation” Divided newly discovered territories between Portugal & Spain First defined by Pope Alexander VI (1493) and was later revised by the Treaty of Tordesillas (1494)

Line of Demarcation Spain won control of lands discovered west of the line, while Portugal gained rights to new lands to the east of the line.

North America (U.S. & Canada) The Americas Mesoamerica & the Conquistadors North America (U.S. & Canada) Olmec, 1500 BC Maya, 300 BC Aztec, 1325 AD Inca, 500 BC Adena & Hopewell Mississippian Anasazi Iroquois League Inuit

The Columbian Exchange Exchange of goods, animals, natural resources, diseases, etc. between Europeans and the Americas

The Triangular Trade System in which slaves, crops & manufactured goods were traded between Africa, the Caribbean and the American colonies

The Middle Passage The crossing from Africa to the Americas, which ships made carrying their ‘cargo’ of slaves. It was so-called because it was the middle section of the trade route taken by many of the ships.