The Fall of the Roman Empire

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Presentation transcript:

The Fall of the Roman Empire

Instructions Get out a blank piece of paper Write “Downfall of Rome” on the top of your paper Write the title for each slide on your paper Skip a line, indent and write only the words in red. Follow along as the teacher or a student reads the slides.

Four Major Problems in Rome Political Social Economic Military

Example

Political Problems Poor leaders weakened the government Frequent fights for power Many officials took bribes Talented people chose not to serve due to dangers of government life (RE: Gracchus Bros.)

Social Problems Plague (disease) spread throughout Rome, killing 1 in 10 Famine: There was not enough food to feed people High Taxes: Taxes were too great, many rich people stopped paying People stopped attending school Slaves: Large number of people enslaved

Economic Problems Farmers lost land, unable to grow and sell crops, out of work (and famine) People bought fewer goods, shops closed Inflation occurred: Rapidly rising prices. Money lost value because fewer taxes paid. Coins lost value: Less gold put in, people found out (caused inflation) Bartering grew: sell goods without using money No taxes, no money

Military Problems Military only in it for money (mercenaries) No money to pay military = weak military Constant threat of invaders on empire’s borders Weak military, unable to stop border invasions

Diocletian (Don’t write this) 284 CE, Diocletian became emperor Tried reforms (political changes) Set price limits (if a person went beyond limits, put to death) and ordered workers to stay in jobs to death

Diocletian (now write it) Diocletian felt that the only way to save the empire was to divide it in half Created two empires: Western and Eastern Western Empire: Europe/ North Africa and city of Rome Eastern Empire: Turkey/ Asia and city of Byzantium Two emperors, emperor in charge of Rome was senior

Constantine Diocletian retired and Constantine took his place as emperor Constantine (312 CE) united the empire again under one ruler First Christian emperor Edict of Milan: Outlawed persecution of Christians Attempted reforms

Constantinople Rome continued to decline Constantine moved the capital from Rome to city of Byzantium City name changed to Constantinople (today is Istanbul)

Rome Invaded Western Empire unable to hold off German tribes on its borders Ostrogoths, Visigoths, Franks, Vandals, Saxons German tribes wanted warmer area, Roman riches, and to flee the Huns

Visigoths Rome agreed to allow the Visigoths to live inside of Roman boundaries Romans treated Visigoths badly Visigoths rebelled and defeated the Romans Visigoth leader, Alaric, captured Rome in 410 AD

Vandals Vandals followed Visigoths and spent 12 days stripping Rome of valuables (vandalism) Many more German invaders followed and put their own people on the throne 476 AD, Odoacer defeats the western emperor Romulus Augustulus (14 years old, little Augustus)

The Fall For this reason, 476 AD is given as the fall of the Western Roman Empire Western Empire was divided into many kingdoms that adopted many of the customs of Rome

Eastern Roman Empire Although the Western Empire fell in 476 CE, the Eastern Roman Empire continued to prosper for 1,000 more years Became known as the Byzantine Empire