Unit 1 Day 1: Ideologies of Government Systems BELLWORK In your notebook, create a circle map identifying as many different things that you can think of relating to the concept of government

So where...did we learn these ideas? So what...is the main idea? So where...did we learn these ideas? GOVERNMENT So why...is understanding the concept of government important? So who...did these ideas come from?

Agenda Bellwork (Concepts) Natural Law Origins Enlightenment State or state 4 categories of gov’t systems Agenda

State of Natural Law… Natural Law Prior to being members of organized civilizations... humans lived completely free and untethered by human laws Laws of the wild apply (Darwin) Humans begin to band together to aid in survival small tribes form Rule of [Human Law] established Earliest form (Hammurabic Code)

Origin of the concept of Government… Aristotle Believed in rule by best suited to lead the people justly Emphasized individual morality People can be good with or without laws Aristotle’s Preferred Government Systems Monarchy (Kings/Best) Aristocracy (Elite/Best) Polity [Democracy] (People) Tyranny (Powerful)

Origin of the concept of Government… Plato Believed in rule by [philosopher] kings This would devolve over time Plato’s 5 Regime Evolution Which do you think would work the best? Think about each era in history... Can you understand why kings existed for so long? Aristocracy (Kings/Best) Timocracy (Landed) Oligarchy (Few) Democracy (People) Tyranny (Powerful)

Modern theory of Government… Enlightenment Era Time period (1600-1700’s) aka Age of Reason Industry was growing rapidly [Europe] Results in an rapid rising of philosophers Like who? John Locke, Thomas Hobbes, Jean-Jaques Rousseau, Baron de Montesquieu

Enlightenment thinkers… John Locke (“Two Treatises”) Believed governments should be ruled by consent of the governed (people) Believe all humans have inalienable rights Rights that cannot be unmade by human laws Life, Liberty & Property Without laws, life, liberty & property are not secure Laws = protection for the people

Enlightenment thinkers… Thomas Hobbes (“Leviathan”) Believed governments should be ruled by the best in society (proliteriat; aristorcracy) Believed all humans are... Inherently corrupt, evil and brutish War is inevitable Without laws, humans destroy themselves Laws = protection for the society

State or state… What is the difference? State : the institution through which a society makes and enforces public policies (Magruder’s, 810) Public Policy: laws or regulations established by the people or a legislature (gov’t body that makes laws) ideally for the good of the people

Government, what is it and why do we need it? Why do we need it? Pre-government society (freedom but danger) Thomas Hobbes, John Locke Think-pair-share (shoulder partner) Which ideology (belief) is best? Why? Who has the best idea? Why?

What types of governments are there? Autocracy Democracy Oligarchy Anarchy

HOMEWORK due 8/16 20 Minute Reflection (Green sheet) Focus on concepts Have ready for class tomorrow (8/16) Check during bellwork Notes will be posted on my site under Unit 1 Due when you walk in the door HOMEWORK due 8/16